update docs for Perl retirement (#146)
* update docs for Perl retirement With the retirement of Perl and the inclusion of tunneling in the base build, there are several steps and warnings that no longer apply. These have been removed from the docs. * add tunnel.wanonly description * update slider screenshot
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@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ Aliases in NAT Mode
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Tunnel Server
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-------------
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Click the **Tunnel Server** link to navigate to these settings. This section provides a way for you to configure your node with a special service that allows node-to-node connections across the Internet. Unless you have a specific need for this type of network connection, it is recommended that you do not install the *Tunnel Server* feature. This is because it will cause your node to dedicate limited system resources to running a service that may be used rarely. In order to increase the performance of your node you should conserve system resources so they will be available for normal node operations, which is especially important for nodes with limited memory and storage.
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Click the **Tunnel Server** link to navigate to these settings. This section provides a way for you to configure your node with a special service that allows node-to-node connections across the Internet. Unless you have a specific need for this type of network connection, it is recommended that you do not use the tunneling feature. This is because it will cause your node to dedicate limited system resources to running network tunnels that are not required. In order to increase the performance of your node you should conserve system resources so they will be available for normal node operations, which is especially important for nodes with limited memory and storage.
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Tunnels should be used as a temporary means of connecting mesh islands when RF links have yet to be established. They should be removed as soon as RF links are operational. Remember that AREDN |trade| is first and foremost an emergency communication resource, so it's likely that Internet-dependent links and the assets they provide will not be available during a disaster. Their presence could create a false expectation for served agency personnel, so the network will fail to meet their expectations when tunneled resources become unavailable during a disaster.
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@ -212,8 +212,6 @@ Managed Switch Settings (both Client and Server networks)
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.. note:: If you are using a *Mikrotik hAP ac lite* or *GL.iNET AR150/AR300M/AR750*, then you do not need a separate VLAN-capable switch as described above. These nodes have built-in switches with the appropriate VLANs preconfigured in the AREDN |trade| firmware.
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Your node should have Internet access after the smart switch is configured, and you can use the node's new Internet connection to install the *tunneling* software package. This package should be installed on both the tunnel server and the tunnel client nodes.
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WAN Interface IP (Tunnel Server *node* only)
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Set a static IP address on your tunnel server node's WAN interface so your Internet-connected router/firewall has a consistent way to forward traffic to your node.
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@ -243,11 +241,11 @@ Client Password
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Enter a complex password that the client node will use to connect to your node over the tunnel. Use only uppercase and lowercase characters and numbers in your password.
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Contact Info/Comment (optional)
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You have the option to enter a line of text which may include the contact information of the person responsible for a the tunnel endpoint. It is a 50 character freeform text field which can contain any other useful identifier or information as needed.
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You have the option to enter a line of text which may include the contact information of the person responsible for the tunnel endpoint. It is a 50 character freeform text field which can contain any other useful identifier or information as needed.
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Once these settings are correct, click *Add* to add the new client to the list of authorized tunnel clients. On the right of each entry there is an envelope icon which will automatically open your computer's email program and copy the client settings into a new email which allows you to quickly and easily send credentials to the owners of the client nodes.
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To allow a client to connect to your tunnel server, select the **Enabled?** checkbox and click the **Save Changes** button. When a tunnel connection becomes active, the cloud icon at the right of each row will change to indicate that the tunnel is active. Depending on the timing of the page refresh, you may need to press the **Refresh** button to see the active icon.
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To allow a client to connect to your tunnel server, select the **Enabled?** checkbox and click the **Save Changes** button. When a tunnel connection becomes active, the cloud icon at the right of each row will change to indicate that the tunnel is active. Depending on the timing of the webpage refresh, you may need to press the **Refresh** button to see the active icon.
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Tunnel Client
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-------------
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@ -262,9 +260,7 @@ Contact the amateur operator who controls the tunnel server and request client c
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To allow your client to connect to the tunnel server, select the **Enabled?** checkbox and click the **Save Changes** button. When a tunnel connection becomes active, the cloud icon at the right of each row will change to indicate that the tunnel is active. Depending on the timing of the page refresh, you may need to press the **Refresh** button to see the active icon.
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.. warning:: The add-on tunnel package (vtun) has a character limitation on the client node name which could prevent a tunnel from connecting. Keep node names as short as possible in order to avoid this issue. More information and discussion can be found in `this Forum thread <https://www.arednmesh.org/comment/4174>`_.
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To allow your client to connect to the tunnel server, select the **Enabled?** checkbox and click the **Save Changes** button. When a tunnel connection becomes active, the cloud icon at the right of each row will change to indicate that the tunnel is active. Depending on the timing of the webpage refresh, you may need to press the **Refresh** button to see the active icon.
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Administration
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--------------
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@ -277,22 +273,20 @@ Click the **Administration** link to navigate to these settings. There are four
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.. important:: Files cannot be uploaded to a node while a tunnel server or client connection is enabled. Disable tunnel client or server connections before uploading firmware, packages, or ssh key files. The *Upload* buttons will be disabled until tunnels are disabled.
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Firmware Update
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If you have a new firmware image that has already been downloaded to your computer, click the *Browse* button and select the firmware file to upload. Click *Upload* and the file will be uploaded and installed on the node.
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If the node has Internet access (either from its WAN interface or from the mesh) you can use the *Download Firmware* option. Click *Refresh* to update the list of available images. Select the image to download, click *Download*, and wait for the firmware to download and be installed. When upgrading firmware, you can retain your existing configuration settings by selecting the *Keep Settings* checkbox.
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Package Management
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Here you can install or remove software packages on the node. *Upload Package* allows you to install a package file from your computer. *Download Package* allows you do retrieve a package over the Internet from the AREDN |trade| website. Clicking *Refresh* will update the list of packages available for download, but try to avoid updating this list unless you absolutely require it. The package information database is stored locally and will use quite a bit of storage space. Under normal circumstances it is rare to require a package refresh.
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Here you can install or remove software packages on the node. *Upload Package* allows you to install a package file from your computer. *Download Package* allows you do retrieve a package over the Internet from the AREDN |trade| website. Clicking *Refresh* will update the list of packages available for download, but try to avoid updating this list unless you absolutely require it. The package information database is kept locally and will use quite a bit of storage space. Under normal circumstances it is rare to require a package refresh.
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The *Remove Package* list shows all packages currently installed on the node. Selecting a package and clicking *Remove* will uninstall the package. You will only be able to remove packages that you have added. All installed packages are shown, but the pre-installed packages cannot be deleted since they are necessary for proper operation of the node.
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Authorized SSH Keys
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Uploading ssh keys allows computers to connect to a node via ssh without having to know the password. The ssh keys are generated on your computer using built-in utilities or the `PuTTY <https://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/putty/latest.html>`_ program's *Key Generator*. Once you have the key files on your computer, you can upload its *public* key to your AREDN |trade| node. If you want to remove an installed key, select it and click the *Remove* button.
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.. note:: If you plan to use ssh keys you may want to review **Use PuTTYGen to Make SSH Keys** in the **How-To Guide** section which describes this process in detail.
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.. note:: If you plan to use ssh keys you may want to review **Use PuTTYGen to Make SSH Keys** in the **How-To Guide** section which describes this process in detail for users of Microsoft Windows computers.
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Support Data
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There may be times when you want to view more detailed information about the configuration and operation of your node, or even forward this information to the AREDN |trade| forum in order to get help with a problem. Click *Download Support Data* to save a compressed archive file to your local computer.
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@ -336,16 +330,19 @@ PoE and USB Power Passthrough
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Tunnel Server *maxclients* and Tunnel Client *maxservers*
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These rows will appear in the table only if the AREDN |trade| tunneling package is installed on your node. By default a node is allowed to host up to 10 clients in its *Tunnel Server* display and connect with up to 10 servers in its *Tunnel Client* display. The *maxclients* and *maxservers* settings provide a method for adjusting the defaults.
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.. important:: If you plan to change these settings, review **Changing Tunnel Max Settings** in the **How-To Guide** section.
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Use caution when increasing the *maxclients* or *maxservers* values. Enter only *zero* or positive integers up to a maximum value for the number of active connections your node hardware can handle, since each active tunnel connection consumes system resources that the node may need for normal operation.
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.. image:: _images/advConfig-maxTunValues.png
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:alt: Advanced Configuration - tunnel max values
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:align: center
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Tunnel WAN Only Setting
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This setting is enabled by default and it prevents tunnel traffic from being routed over the Mesh RF network. It limits tunnels to using the WAN interface, which is typically the intended route. If in your situation you need tunnel traffic to be routed over RF to a node with WAN access, then you can disable this setting to allow that traffic to pass.
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.. important:: If you plan to change these settings, review **Changing Tunnel Max Settings** in the **How-To Guide** section.
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Use caution when increasing the *maxclients* or *maxservers* values. Enter only *zero* or positive integers up to a maximum value for the number of active connections your node hardware can handle, since each active tunnel connection consumes system resources that the node may need for normal operation.
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Low Memory Thresholds
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As the number of nodes increases in a mesh network, the processing requirements also increase for displaying all of the mesh routes on your node's *Mesh Status* display. For older nodes with limited memory resources, the mesh status display may become very sluggish on large mesh networks. Recent firmware improvements have made the *Mesh Status* display much more responsive, and two new **Advanced Configuration** values are available for setting the *Low Memory Threshold* and maximum number of routes to be displayed. Currently the default low memory threshold is 10,000 KB, which if reached will limit the *Mesh Status* display to the 1,000 closest routes. These values can be adjusted to lower values if your node has limited memory.
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@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ When selecting a device for your AREDN |trade| hardware there are several things
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* Radios should be purchased for the specific frequency band on which they will operate. Currently AREDN |trade| supports devices which operate in several bands. Check the AREDN |trade| `website <https://arednmesh.org>`_ for the latest information.
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* Many devices have an integrated dual-polarity :abbr:`MIMO (Multiple Input-Multiple Output)` antenna which helps to leverage multipath propagation. AREDN |trade| has always supported and recommended using MIMO hardware, since these devices typically outperform single chain radios when used as mesh nodes.
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* Radios can be purchased separately from the antenna, so it is possible to have more than one antenna option for a radio in order to optimize AREDN |trade| nodes for varying deployment conditions.
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* Costs of devices range from $50 to several hundred dollars for a complete node, so there are many options even for the budget-conscious operator.
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* Costs of devices range from $25 to several hundred dollars for a complete node/antenna system, so there are many options even for the budget-conscious operator.
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* Some older or lower cost devices have a limited amount of onboard memory, but firmware images continue to grow in size and functionality. Consider purchasing a device with more memory over one with less memory.
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* Check the maximum power output of the device, since some devices have lower power capabilities.
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@ -4,15 +4,13 @@ Firmware Upgrade Tips
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Upgrading an AREDN |trade| node is a straightforward process accomplished using the *Setup > Administration > Firmware Update* feature on the node's web interface. Follow the procedures documented in the **Downloading AREDN Firmware** section to ensure you have the correct firmware version from the AREDN |trade| website to install on your node
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The newest firmware versions have a built-in check to verify that the firmware image you selected is appropriate for the device on which you are installing it. Early firmware versions (3.16.1.x and 3.18.9.0) do not have these checks, so be sure you selected the correct firmware version for your device before starting the upgrade.
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Here are some "best practice" tips to assist with the firmware upgrade process. These ensure that memory utilization is at its minimum on the node. The upgrade process can fail due to lack of memory, but such a failure will leave the node running its previous firmware version.
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Clear the web browser cache
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When using a web browser to perform an upgrade, be sure to clear the browser's cache to remove any cached pages remaining from your node's previous firmware version. A clear cache will help to eliminate confusion when displaying node data in the browser.
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Release node resources
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Before starting the firmware upgrade, it may be necessary to stop, disable, or uninstall extra packages such as Meshchat, snmp, and tunneling. The goal of this step is to keep those processes from using RAM memory and to free as much RAM as possible before the upgrade. Rebooting the node before beginning the upgrade will ensure that RAM utilization is at a minimum.
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Before starting the firmware upgrade on low memory devices, it may be necessary to stop, disable, or uninstall extra packages such as Meshchat, snmp, and tunneling. The goal of this step is to keep those processes from using RAM memory and to free as much RAM as possible before the upgrade. Rebooting the node before beginning the upgrade will ensure that RAM utilization is at a minimum.
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You may also want to stop node programs or services that are not needed during the upgrade. For example, you can telnet or ssh to the node and type the command ``wifi down`` to free the memory used by this driver.
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@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ Understand the impact to your network before using iperf3. During the test perio
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Installing iperf3 and IperfSpeed
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--------------------------------
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Two packages should be installed on each AREDN |trade| node in order to facilitate testing between nodes. The **iperf3** package allows the nodes to function either as an iperf3 client or server during the test, and it can be found in the *base* package download section. The **IperfSpeed** package provides a web-based control interface for running network tests between nodes, and it was written by Trevor Paskett K7FPV using the Perl programming language.
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Two packages should be installed on each AREDN |trade| node in order to facilitate testing between nodes. The **iperf3** package allows the nodes to function either as an iperf3 client or server during the test, and it can be found in the *base* package download section.
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With the project to retire Perl on AREDN |trade| nodes, there is now an alternative *IperfSpeed* package which uses the Lua programming language. The original Perl and new Lua packages are available at the following links:
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The **IperfSpeed** package provides a web-based control interface for running network tests between nodes, and it was written by Trevor Paskett K7FPV using the Perl programming language. With the project to retire Perl on AREDN |trade| nodes, there is now an alternative *IperfSpeed* package which uses the Lua programming language. The original Perl and new Lua packages are available at the following links:
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* `Original Perl version of IperfSpeed <https://aredn.s3.amazonaws.com/iperfspeed_0.5.1_all.ipk>`_
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* `New Lua version of IperfSpeed <https://github.com/kn6plv/iperfspeed/raw/master/iperfspeed_0.6-lua_all.ipk>`_
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@ -15,7 +15,9 @@ A copy of the message database is stored on every device where MeshChat is runni
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In addition to the keyboard-to-keyboard chat feature, MeshChat also allows files to be shared between nodes. Files may be uploaded from or downloaded to the user's computer at any time. If MeshChat is running on a radio node then the file storage is very limited, but if running on an external computer the file storage is limited only by the size of the disk that is allocated for MeshChat files.
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MeshChat *Action Scripts* also provide for functional extensions, such as sending messages to an SMS gateway for external distribution. It is also possible for action scripts to periodically save the message database for archive purposes or integration with external tools. Although MeshChat is a commonly deployed service, it is a third party package which is not available in the AREDN |trade| repositories. You can find additional information by visiting this link: `MeshChat at Trevor's Bench <http://www.trevorsbench.com/meshchat-messaging-for-mesh-networks/>`_
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MeshChat *Action Scripts* also provide for functional extensions, such as sending messages to an SMS gateway for external distribution. It is also possible for action scripts to periodically save the message database for archive purposes or integration with external tools.
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Although MeshChat is a commonly deployed service, it is a third party package which is not available in the AREDN |trade| repositories. You can find additional information by visiting this link: `MeshChat at Trevor's Bench <http://www.trevorsbench.com/meshchat-messaging-for-mesh-networks/>`_
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As originally designed, MeshChat uses the Perl programming language and is able to run either on an AREDN |trade| node or on a LAN-connected Debian or Raspberry Pi computer. With the project to retire Perl on AREDN |trade| nodes, there are now alternative MeshChat packages which use the Lua programming language for running on nodes. If you are running the original Perl version on an external computer, you can still use the new Lua API on your node to provide the computer with the list of MeshChat nodes. These Lua packages are available at the following links:
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