diff --git a/docs/manual/_sources/gettingstartedfast.rst.txt b/docs/manual/_sources/gettingstartedfast.rst.txt index 2d70d8a..affb7d2 100644 --- a/docs/manual/_sources/gettingstartedfast.rst.txt +++ b/docs/manual/_sources/gettingstartedfast.rst.txt @@ -9,9 +9,28 @@ scenarios. Try Using a Reticulum-based Program ============================================= -If you simply want to try using a program built with Reticulum, you can take -a look at `Nomad Network `_, which -provides a complete encrypted communications suite built with Reticulum. + +If you simply want to try using a program built with Reticulum, a few different +programs exist that allow basic communication and a range of other useful functions +over even extremely low-bandwidth Reticulum networks. + +These programs will let you get a feel for how Reticulum works. They have been designed +to run well over networks based on LoRa or packet radio, but can also be used completely +over local WiFi, wired ethernet, the Internet, or any combination. + +As such, it is easy to get started experimenting, without having to set up any radio +transceivers or infrastructure just to try it out. Launching the programs on separate +devices connected to the same WiFi network is enough to get started, and physical +radio interfaces can then be added later. + +Nomad Network +^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +The terminal-based program `Nomad Network `_ +provides a complete encrypted communications suite built with Reticulum. It features +encrypted messaging (both direct and delayed-delivery for offline users), file sharing, +and has a built-in text-browser and page server with support for dynamically rendered pages, +user authentication and more. .. image:: screenshots/nomadnet_3.png :target: _images/nomadnet_3.png @@ -35,6 +54,9 @@ on your system, you might need to reboot your system for your program to become available. If you get a "command not found" error or similar when running the program, reboot your system and try again. +Sideband +^^^^^^^^ + If you would rather use a program with a graphical user interface, you can take a look at `Sideband `_, which is available for Android, Linux and macOS. @@ -44,6 +66,8 @@ Linux and macOS. :align: center :target: _images/sideband_1.png +Sideband is currently in the early stages of development, but already provides basic +communication features, and interoperates with Nomad Network, or any other LXMF client. Using the Included Utilities ============================================= @@ -83,22 +107,29 @@ Once Reticulums knows which interfaces it should use, it will automatically discover topography and configure transport of data to any destinations it knows about. +In situations where you already have an established WiFi or ethernet network, and +many devices that want to utilise the same external Reticulum network (for example over +LoRa), it will often be sufficient to let one system act as a Reticulum gateway, by +adding any external interfaces to this systems configuration, and enabling transport. Any +other device on your local WiFi will then be able to connect to this wider Reticulum +network just using the default interface configuration. + Possibly, the examples in the config file are enough to get you started. If you want more information, you can read the :ref:`Building Networks` and :ref:`Interfaces` chapters of this manual. Connecting Reticulum Instances Over the Internet ================================================ -Reticulum currently offers two interfaces for connecting instances over the Internet: :ref:`TCP` +Reticulum currently offers two interfaces suitable for connecting instances over the Internet: :ref:`TCP` and :ref:`I2P`. Each interface offers a different set of features, and Reticulum users should carefully choose the interface which best suites their needs. The ``TCPServerInterface`` allows users to host an instance accessible over TCP/IP. This method is generally faster, lower latency, and more energy efficient than using ``I2PInterface``, -however it also leaks considerable metadata about the server host. +however it also leaks more data about the server host. -Direct TCP client connections are able to see the IP address of your instance and may be able -to use this information to determine your location or identity. Adversaries +TCP connections reveal the IP address of both your instance and the server to anyone who can +inspect the connection. Someone could use this information to determine your location or identity. Adversaries inspecting your packets may be able to record packet metadata like time of transmission and packet size. Even though Reticulum encrypts traffic, TCP does not, so an adversary may be able to use packet inspection to learn that a system is running Reticulum, and what other IP adresses connect to it. @@ -107,10 +138,9 @@ which most Internet connections don't offer anymore. The ``I2PInterface`` routes messages through the `Invisible Internet Protocol (I2P) `_. To properly use this interface, users must also run an I2P daemon in -parallel to ``rnsd``. For always-on I2P nodes it is recommended to use `i2pd `_ because it -generally runs more efficiently. +parallel to ``rnsd``. For always-on I2P nodes it is recommended to use `i2pd `_. -By default, I2P will encrypt all traffic sent over the Internet, and +By default, I2P will encrypt and mix all traffic sent over the Internet, and hide both the sender and receiver Reticulum instance IP addresses. Running an I2P node will also relay other I2P user's encrypted packets, which will use extra bandwidth and compute power, but also makes timing attacks and other forms of diff --git a/docs/manual/_sources/using.rst.txt b/docs/manual/_sources/using.rst.txt index 77465ea..9cfcf43 100644 --- a/docs/manual/_sources/using.rst.txt +++ b/docs/manual/_sources/using.rst.txt @@ -12,10 +12,11 @@ initialise Reticulum when it starts. In many cases, this approach is sufficient. When any program needs to use Reticulum, it is loaded, initialised, interfaces are brought up, and the -program can now communicate over Reticulum. If another program starts up -and also wants access to the same Reticulum network, the instance is simply -shared. This works for any number of programs running concurrently, and is -very easy to use, but depending on your use case, there are other options. +program can now communicate over any Reticulum networks available. If another +program starts up and also wants access to the same Reticulum network, the +instance is simply shared. This works for any number of programs running +concurrently, and is very easy to use, but depending on your use case, there +are other options. Included Utility Programs ------------------------- @@ -72,33 +73,49 @@ interfaces, similar to the ``ifconfig`` program. # Example output Shared Instance[37428] - Status: Up - Connected applications: 1 - RX: 1.13 KB - TX: 1.07 KB + Status : Up + Serving : 1 program + Rate : 1.00 Gbps + Traffic : 83.13 KB↑ + 86.10 KB↓ - UDPInterface[Default UDP Interface/0.0.0.0:4242] - Status: Up - RX: 1.01 KB - TX: 1.01 KB + AutoInterface[Local] + Status : Up + Mode : Full + Rate : 10.00 Mbps + Peers : 1 reachable + Traffic : 63.23 KB↑ + 80.17 KB↓ TCPInterface[RNS Testnet Frankfurt/frankfurt.rns.unsigned.io:4965] - Status: Up - RX: 1.37 KB - TX: 9.02 KB + Status : Up + Mode : Full + Rate : 10.00 Mbps + Traffic : 187.27 KB↑ + 74.17 KB↓ + + RNodeInterface[RNode UHF] + Status : Up + Mode : Access Point + Rate : 1.30 kbps + Access : 64-bit IFAC by <…e702c42ba8> + Traffic : 8.49 KB↑ + 9.23 KB↓ + + Reticulum Transport Instance <5245a8efe1788c6a70e1> running .. code:: text - usage: rnsd [-h] [--config CONFIG] [-v] [-q] [--version] + usage: rnstatus [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-a] [-v] - Reticulum Network Stack Daemon + Reticulum Network Stack Status optional arguments: -h, --help show this help message and exit --config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory - -v, --verbose - -q, --quiet --version show program's version number and exit + -a, --all show all interfaces + -v, --verbose The rnpath Utility @@ -117,7 +134,8 @@ destinations on the Reticulum network. .. code:: text - usage: rnpath.py [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-v] [destination] + usage: rnpath [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-t] [-d] [-w seconds] [-v] + [destination] Reticulum Path Discovery Utility @@ -128,6 +146,9 @@ destinations on the Reticulum network. -h, --help show this help message and exit --config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory --version show program's version number and exit + -t, --table show all known paths + -d, --drop remove the path to a destination + -w seconds timeout before giving up -v, --verbose diff --git a/docs/manual/_sources/whatis.rst.txt b/docs/manual/_sources/whatis.rst.txt index 109f057..db3211b 100644 --- a/docs/manual/_sources/whatis.rst.txt +++ b/docs/manual/_sources/whatis.rst.txt @@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ What is Reticulum? ****************** -Reticulum is a cryptography-based networking stack for wide-area networks built on readily available hardware, that can operate even with very high latency and extremely low bandwidth. +Reticulum is a cryptography-based networking stack for building wide-area networks with readily available hardware, that can continue to operate even with extremely low bandwidth and very high latency. -Reticulum allows you to build very wide-area networks with off-the-shelf tools, and offers end-to-end encryption, autoconfiguring cryptographically backed multi-hop transport, efficient addressing, unforgeable packet acknowledgements and more. +Reticulum allows you to build wide-area networks with off-the-shelf tools, and offers end-to-end encryption, autoconfiguring cryptographically backed multi-hop transport, efficient addressing, unforgeable packet acknowledgements and more. Reticulum is a complete networking stack, and does not need IP or higher layers, although it is easy to utilise IP (with TCP or UDP) as the underlying carrier for Reticulum. It is therefore trivial to tunnel Reticulum over the Internet or private IP networks. Reticulum is built directly on cryptographic principles, allowing resilience and stable functionality in open and trustless networks. @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ No kernel modules or drivers are required. Reticulum runs completely in userland Current Status ============== -Reticulum should currently be considered beta software. All core protocol features are implemented and functioning, but additions will probably occur as real-world use is explored. There will be bugs. The API and wire-format can be considered relatively stable at the moment, but could change if warranted. +Reticulum should currently be considered beta software. All core protocol features are implemented and functioning, but additions will probably occur as real-world use is explored. There will be bugs. The API and wire-format can be considered stable at the moment, but could change if absolutely warranted. What does Reticulum Offer? @@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ What does Reticulum Offer? * Complete initiator anonymity, communicate without revealing your identity -* Asymmetric X25519 encryption and Ed25519 signatures as a basis for all communication +* Asymmetric encryption based on X25519, and Ed25519 signatures as a basis for all communication -* Forward Secrecy with ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys on Curve25519 +* Forward Secrecy by using ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys on Curve25519 * Reticulum uses the `Fernet `_ specification for on-the-wire / over-the-air encryption @@ -44,6 +44,12 @@ What does Reticulum Offer? * An intuitive and developer-friendly API +* Efficient link establishment + + * Total bandwidth cost of setting up a link is only 3 packets, totalling 237 bytes + + * Low cost of keeping links open at only 0.62 bits per second + * Reliable and efficient transfer of arbritrary amounts of data * Reticulum can handle a few bytes of data or files of many gigabytes @@ -52,11 +58,9 @@ What does Reticulum Offer? * The API is very easy to use, and provides transfer progress -* Efficient link establishment +* Authentication and virtual network segmentation on all supported interface types - * Total bandwidth cost of setting up a link is only 3 packets, totalling 237 bytes - - * Low cost of keeping links open at only 0.62 bits per second +* Flexible scalability allowing extremely low-bandwidth networks to co-exist and interoperate with large, high-bandwidth networks Where can Reticulum be Used? @@ -68,9 +72,9 @@ ad-hoc WiFi, free-space optical links and similar systems are all examples of the types of interfaces Reticulum was designed for. An open-source LoRa-based interface called `RNode `_ -has been designed specifically for use with Reticulum. It is possible to build -yourself, or it can be purchased as a complete transceiver that just needs a -USB connection to the host. +has been designed as an example transceiver that is very suitable for +Reticulum. It is possible to build it yourself, to transform a common LoRa +development board into one, or it can be purchased as a complete transceiver. Reticulum can also be encapsulated over existing IP networks, so there's nothing stopping you from using it over wired ethernet or your local WiFi @@ -80,22 +84,40 @@ self-configuring, resilient and encrypted mesh. As an example, it's possible to set up a Raspberry Pi connected to both a LoRa radio, a packet radio TNC and a WiFi network. Once the interfaces are -configured, Reticulum will take care of the rest, and any device on the WiFi +added, Reticulum will take care of the rest, and any device on the WiFi network can communicate with nodes on the LoRa and packet radio sides of the network, and vice versa. Interface Types and Devices =========================== -Reticulum implements a range of generalised interface types that covers most of the communications hardware that Reticulum can run over. If your hardware is not supported, it's relatively simple to implement an interface class. Currently, the following interfaces are supported: +Reticulum implements a range of generalised interface types that covers the communications hardware that Reticulum can run over. If your hardware is not supported, it's relatively simple to implement an interface class. Currently, Reticulum can use the following devices and communication mediums: * Any ethernet device + * WiFi devices + + * Wired ethernet devices + + * Fibre-optic transceivers + + * Data radios with ethernet ports + * LoRa using `RNode `_ + * Can be installed on `many popular LoRa boards `_ + + * Can be purchased as a `ready to use transceiver `_ + * Packet Radio TNCs, such as `OpenModem `_ + * Any packet radio TNC in KISS mode + + * Ideal for VHF and UHF radio + * Any device with a serial port +* The I2P network + * TCP over IP networks * UDP over IP networks diff --git a/docs/manual/gettingstartedfast.html b/docs/manual/gettingstartedfast.html index 7ed4580..5a3682c 100644 --- a/docs/manual/gettingstartedfast.html +++ b/docs/manual/gettingstartedfast.html @@ -48,9 +48,23 @@ you want to do. This guide will outline sensible starting paths for different scenarios.

Try Using a Reticulum-based Program

-

If you simply want to try using a program built with Reticulum, you can take -a look at Nomad Network, which -provides a complete encrypted communications suite built with Reticulum.

+

If you simply want to try using a program built with Reticulum, a few different +programs exist that allow basic communication and a range of other useful functions +over even extremely low-bandwidth Reticulum networks.

+

These programs will let you get a feel for how Reticulum works. They have been designed +to run well over networks based on LoRa or packet radio, but can also be used completely +over local WiFi, wired ethernet, the Internet, or any combination.

+

As such, it is easy to get started experimenting, without having to set up any radio +transceivers or infrastructure just to try it out. Launching the programs on separate +devices connected to the same WiFi network is enough to get started, and physical +radio interfaces can then be added later.

+
+

Nomad Network

+

The terminal-based program Nomad Network +provides a complete encrypted communications suite built with Reticulum. It features +encrypted messaging (both direct and delayed-delivery for offline users), file sharing, +and has a built-in text-browser and page server with support for dynamically rendered pages, +user authentication and more.

_images/nomadnet_3.png

Nomad Network is a user-facing client for the messaging and information-sharing protocol @@ -67,10 +81,16 @@ for the messaging and information-sharing protocol on your system, you might need to reboot your system for your program to become available. If you get a “command not found” error or similar when running the program, reboot your system and try again.

+
+
+

Sideband

If you would rather use a program with a graphical user interface, you can take a look at Sideband, which is available for Android, Linux and macOS.

_images/sideband_1.png +

Sideband is currently in the early stages of development, but already provides basic +communication features, and interoperates with Nomad Network, or any other LXMF client.

+

Using the Included Utilities

@@ -102,20 +122,26 @@ or other things you might be used to from other network types.

Once Reticulums knows which interfaces it should use, it will automatically discover topography and configure transport of data to any destinations it knows about.

+

In situations where you already have an established WiFi or ethernet network, and +many devices that want to utilise the same external Reticulum network (for example over +LoRa), it will often be sufficient to let one system act as a Reticulum gateway, by +adding any external interfaces to this systems configuration, and enabling transport. Any +other device on your local WiFi will then be able to connect to this wider Reticulum +network just using the default interface configuration.

Possibly, the examples in the config file are enough to get you started. If you want more information, you can read the Building Networks and Interfaces chapters of this manual.

Connecting Reticulum Instances Over the Internet

-

Reticulum currently offers two interfaces for connecting instances over the Internet: TCP +

Reticulum currently offers two interfaces suitable for connecting instances over the Internet: TCP and I2P. Each interface offers a different set of features, and Reticulum users should carefully choose the interface which best suites their needs.

The TCPServerInterface allows users to host an instance accessible over TCP/IP. This method is generally faster, lower latency, and more energy efficient than using I2PInterface, -however it also leaks considerable metadata about the server host.

-

Direct TCP client connections are able to see the IP address of your instance and may be able -to use this information to determine your location or identity. Adversaries +however it also leaks more data about the server host.

+

TCP connections reveal the IP address of both your instance and the server to anyone who can +inspect the connection. Someone could use this information to determine your location or identity. Adversaries inspecting your packets may be able to record packet metadata like time of transmission and packet size. Even though Reticulum encrypts traffic, TCP does not, so an adversary may be able to use packet inspection to learn that a system is running Reticulum, and what other IP adresses connect to it. @@ -123,9 +149,8 @@ Hosting a publicly reachable instance over TCP also requires a publicly reachabl which most Internet connections don’t offer anymore.

The I2PInterface routes messages through the Invisible Internet Protocol (I2P). To properly use this interface, users must also run an I2P daemon in -parallel to rnsd. For always-on I2P nodes it is recommended to use i2pd because it -generally runs more efficiently.

-

By default, I2P will encrypt all traffic sent over the Internet, and +parallel to rnsd. For always-on I2P nodes it is recommended to use i2pd.

+

By default, I2P will encrypt and mix all traffic sent over the Internet, and hide both the sender and receiver Reticulum instance IP addresses. Running an I2P node will also relay other I2P user’s encrypted packets, which will use extra bandwidth and compute power, but also makes timing attacks and other forms of @@ -299,7 +324,11 @@ for more information:

Table of Contents

  • Getting Started Fast
  • Getting Started Fast
      -
    • Try Using a Reticulum-based Program
    • +
    • Try Using a Reticulum-based Program +
    • Using the Included Utilities
    • Creating a Network With Reticulum
    • Connecting Reticulum Instances Over the Internet
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Reticulum?"],titleterms:{"1":[],"2":[],"25":3,"class":5,"function":6,"public":[1,6],"try":1,The:[6,7],With:1,ad:1,android:1,announc:[0,6],api:5,arm64:1,auto:3,ax:3,base:1,basic:6,binari:[],bridg:4,broadcast:0,build:4,can:8,caveat:8,client:3,code:0,common:3,concept:4,configur:7,connect:1,converg:4,creat:1,current:8,deliveri:[],destin:[5,6],detail:6,develop:1,devic:8,doe:8,echo:0,emptor:8,establish:6,exampl:[0,4],fast:1,filetransf:0,fix:7,format:6,further:6,get:[1,6],gipsum:[],goal:6,growth:4,i2p:3,ident:[5,6],identif:0,improv:7,includ:[1,7],indic:2,instanc:1,interconnect:4,interfac:[1,3,8],internet:[1,4],introduct:6,kei:6,kiss:3,link:[0,5,6],lora:[3,4],manual:2,mechan:6,minim:0,motiv:6,name:[6,7],network:[1,2,4],node:6,nomad:1,offer:8,option:3,orem:[],over:[1,4],overview:4,packet:[5,6],particip:1,pathfind:[],port:7,predict:[],prioritis:6,program:[1,7],protocol:6,proven:[],radio:1,reach:6,receipt:5,refer:[5,6],request:[0,5],resourc:[5,6],respons:0,reticulum:[1,2,5,6,7,8],retiiculum:[],rnode:3,rnpath:7,rnprobe:7,rnsd:7,rnstatu:7,run:[],scenario:4,serial:[3,7],server:3,servic:7,setup:6,sideband:1,site:4,specif:6,stack:2,start:1,statu:8,step:[],support:3,system:7,tabl:2,tcp:3,testnet:1,transport:[5,6],type:[6,8],udp:3,understand:6,us:[1,7,8],util:[1,7],what:8,where:8,wire:6,your:7}}) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/docs/manual/using.html b/docs/manual/using.html index 58094db..7d51b4d 100644 --- a/docs/manual/using.html +++ b/docs/manual/using.html @@ -50,10 +50,11 @@ Any program or application that uses Reticulum will automatically load and initialise Reticulum when it starts.

      In many cases, this approach is sufficient. When any program needs to use Reticulum, it is loaded, initialised, interfaces are brought up, and the -program can now communicate over Reticulum. If another program starts up -and also wants access to the same Reticulum network, the instance is simply -shared. This works for any number of programs running concurrently, and is -very easy to use, but depending on your use case, there are other options.

      +program can now communicate over any Reticulum networks available. If another +program starts up and also wants access to the same Reticulum network, the +instance is simply shared. This works for any number of programs running +concurrently, and is very easy to use, but depending on your use case, there +are other options.

      Included Utility Programs

      If you often use Reticulum from several different programs, or simply want @@ -98,32 +99,48 @@ rnstatus # Example output Shared Instance[37428] - Status: Up - Connected applications: 1 - RX: 1.13 KB - TX: 1.07 KB + Status : Up + Serving : 1 program + Rate : 1.00 Gbps + Traffic : 83.13 KB↑ + 86.10 KB↓ -UDPInterface[Default UDP Interface/0.0.0.0:4242] - Status: Up - RX: 1.01 KB - TX: 1.01 KB +AutoInterface[Local] + Status : Up + Mode : Full + Rate : 10.00 Mbps + Peers : 1 reachable + Traffic : 63.23 KB↑ + 80.17 KB↓ TCPInterface[RNS Testnet Frankfurt/frankfurt.rns.unsigned.io:4965] - Status: Up - RX: 1.37 KB - TX: 9.02 KB + Status : Up + Mode : Full + Rate : 10.00 Mbps + Traffic : 187.27 KB↑ + 74.17 KB↓ + +RNodeInterface[RNode UHF] + Status : Up + Mode : Access Point + Rate : 1.30 kbps + Access : 64-bit IFAC by <…e702c42ba8> + Traffic : 8.49 KB↑ + 9.23 KB↓ + +Reticulum Transport Instance <5245a8efe1788c6a70e1> running

-
usage: rnsd [-h] [--config CONFIG] [-v] [-q] [--version]
+
usage: rnstatus [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-a] [-v]
 
-Reticulum Network Stack Daemon
+Reticulum Network Stack Status
 
 optional arguments:
   -h, --help       show this help message and exit
   --config CONFIG  path to alternative Reticulum config directory
-  -v, --verbose
-  -q, --quiet
   --version        show program's version number and exit
+  -a, --all        show all interfaces
+  -v, --verbose
 
@@ -138,7 +155,8 @@ rnpath eca6f4e4dc26ae329e61 Path found, destination <eca6f4e4dc26ae329e61> is 4 hops away via <56b115c30cd386cad69c> on TCPInterface[Testnet/frankfurt.rns.unsigned.io:4965]
-
usage: rnpath.py [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-v] [destination]
+
usage: rnpath [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-t] [-d] [-w seconds] [-v]
+              [destination]
 
 Reticulum Path Discovery Utility
 
@@ -149,6 +167,9 @@ optional arguments:
   -h, --help       show this help message and exit
   --config CONFIG  path to alternative Reticulum config directory
   --version        show program's version number and exit
+  -t, --table      show all known paths
+  -d, --drop       remove the path to a destination
+  -w seconds       timeout before giving up
   -v, --verbose
 
diff --git a/docs/manual/whatis.html b/docs/manual/whatis.html index 291496c..5b82758 100644 --- a/docs/manual/whatis.html +++ b/docs/manual/whatis.html @@ -43,13 +43,13 @@

What is Reticulum?

-

Reticulum is a cryptography-based networking stack for wide-area networks built on readily available hardware, that can operate even with very high latency and extremely low bandwidth.

-

Reticulum allows you to build very wide-area networks with off-the-shelf tools, and offers end-to-end encryption, autoconfiguring cryptographically backed multi-hop transport, efficient addressing, unforgeable packet acknowledgements and more.

+

Reticulum is a cryptography-based networking stack for building wide-area networks with readily available hardware, that can continue to operate even with extremely low bandwidth and very high latency.

+

Reticulum allows you to build wide-area networks with off-the-shelf tools, and offers end-to-end encryption, autoconfiguring cryptographically backed multi-hop transport, efficient addressing, unforgeable packet acknowledgements and more.

Reticulum is a complete networking stack, and does not need IP or higher layers, although it is easy to utilise IP (with TCP or UDP) as the underlying carrier for Reticulum. It is therefore trivial to tunnel Reticulum over the Internet or private IP networks. Reticulum is built directly on cryptographic principles, allowing resilience and stable functionality in open and trustless networks.

No kernel modules or drivers are required. Reticulum runs completely in userland, and can run on practically any system that runs Python 3. Reticulum runs well even on small single-board computers like the Pi Zero.

Current Status

-

Reticulum should currently be considered beta software. All core protocol features are implemented and functioning, but additions will probably occur as real-world use is explored. There will be bugs. The API and wire-format can be considered relatively stable at the moment, but could change if warranted.

+

Reticulum should currently be considered beta software. All core protocol features are implemented and functioning, but additions will probably occur as real-world use is explored. There will be bugs. The API and wire-format can be considered stable at the moment, but could change if absolutely warranted.

What does Reticulum Offer?

@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@
  • Coordination-less globally unique adressing and identification

  • Fully self-configuring multi-hop routing

  • Complete initiator anonymity, communicate without revealing your identity

  • -
  • Asymmetric X25519 encryption and Ed25519 signatures as a basis for all communication

  • -
  • Forward Secrecy with ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys on Curve25519

  • +
  • Asymmetric encryption based on X25519, and Ed25519 signatures as a basis for all communication

  • +
  • Forward Secrecy by using ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys on Curve25519

  • Reticulum uses the Fernet specification for on-the-wire / over-the-air encryption

    • All keys are ephemeral and derived from an ECDH key exchange on Curve25519

    • @@ -70,6 +70,12 @@
    • Unforgeable packet delivery confirmations

    • A variety of supported interface types

    • An intuitive and developer-friendly API

    • +
    • Efficient link establishment

      +
        +
      • Total bandwidth cost of setting up a link is only 3 packets, totalling 237 bytes

      • +
      • Low cost of keeping links open at only 0.62 bits per second

      • +
      +
    • Reliable and efficient transfer of arbritrary amounts of data

      • Reticulum can handle a few bytes of data or files of many gigabytes

      • @@ -77,12 +83,8 @@
      • The API is very easy to use, and provides transfer progress

    • -
    • Efficient link establishment

      -
        -
      • Total bandwidth cost of setting up a link is only 3 packets, totalling 237 bytes

      • -
      • Low cost of keeping links open at only 0.62 bits per second

      • -
      -
    • +
    • Authentication and virtual network segmentation on all supported interface types

    • +
    • Flexible scalability allowing extremely low-bandwidth networks to co-exist and interoperate with large, high-bandwidth networks

  • @@ -93,9 +95,9 @@ modems, LoRa radios, serial lines, AX.25 TNCs, amateur radio digital modes, ad-hoc WiFi, free-space optical links and similar systems are all examples of the types of interfaces Reticulum was designed for.

    An open-source LoRa-based interface called RNode -has been designed specifically for use with Reticulum. It is possible to build -yourself, or it can be purchased as a complete transceiver that just needs a -USB connection to the host.

    +has been designed as an example transceiver that is very suitable for +Reticulum. It is possible to build it yourself, to transform a common LoRa +development board into one, or it can be purchased as a complete transceiver.

    Reticulum can also be encapsulated over existing IP networks, so there’s nothing stopping you from using it over wired ethernet or your local WiFi network, where it’ll work just as well. In fact, one of the strengths of @@ -103,18 +105,36 @@ Reticulum is how easily it allows you to connect different mediums into a self-configuring, resilient and encrypted mesh.

    As an example, it’s possible to set up a Raspberry Pi connected to both a LoRa radio, a packet radio TNC and a WiFi network. Once the interfaces are -configured, Reticulum will take care of the rest, and any device on the WiFi +added, Reticulum will take care of the rest, and any device on the WiFi network can communicate with nodes on the LoRa and packet radio sides of the network, and vice versa.

    Interface Types and Devices

    -

    Reticulum implements a range of generalised interface types that covers most of the communications hardware that Reticulum can run over. If your hardware is not supported, it’s relatively simple to implement an interface class. Currently, the following interfaces are supported:

    +

    Reticulum implements a range of generalised interface types that covers the communications hardware that Reticulum can run over. If your hardware is not supported, it’s relatively simple to implement an interface class. Currently, Reticulum can use the following devices and communication mediums:

      -
    • Any ethernet device

    • -
    • LoRa using RNode

    • -
    • Packet Radio TNCs, such as OpenModem

    • +
    • Any ethernet device

      +
        +
      • WiFi devices

      • +
      • Wired ethernet devices

      • +
      • Fibre-optic transceivers

      • +
      • Data radios with ethernet ports

      • +
      +
    • +
    • LoRa using RNode

      + +
    • +
    • Packet Radio TNCs, such as OpenModem

      +
        +
      • Any packet radio TNC in KISS mode

      • +
      • Ideal for VHF and UHF radio

      • +
      +
    • Any device with a serial port

    • +
    • The I2P network

    • TCP over IP networks

    • UDP over IP networks

    diff --git a/docs/source/gettingstartedfast.rst b/docs/source/gettingstartedfast.rst index 2d70d8a..affb7d2 100644 --- a/docs/source/gettingstartedfast.rst +++ b/docs/source/gettingstartedfast.rst @@ -9,9 +9,28 @@ scenarios. Try Using a Reticulum-based Program ============================================= -If you simply want to try using a program built with Reticulum, you can take -a look at `Nomad Network `_, which -provides a complete encrypted communications suite built with Reticulum. + +If you simply want to try using a program built with Reticulum, a few different +programs exist that allow basic communication and a range of other useful functions +over even extremely low-bandwidth Reticulum networks. + +These programs will let you get a feel for how Reticulum works. They have been designed +to run well over networks based on LoRa or packet radio, but can also be used completely +over local WiFi, wired ethernet, the Internet, or any combination. + +As such, it is easy to get started experimenting, without having to set up any radio +transceivers or infrastructure just to try it out. Launching the programs on separate +devices connected to the same WiFi network is enough to get started, and physical +radio interfaces can then be added later. + +Nomad Network +^^^^^^^^^^^^^ + +The terminal-based program `Nomad Network `_ +provides a complete encrypted communications suite built with Reticulum. It features +encrypted messaging (both direct and delayed-delivery for offline users), file sharing, +and has a built-in text-browser and page server with support for dynamically rendered pages, +user authentication and more. .. image:: screenshots/nomadnet_3.png :target: _images/nomadnet_3.png @@ -35,6 +54,9 @@ on your system, you might need to reboot your system for your program to become available. If you get a "command not found" error or similar when running the program, reboot your system and try again. +Sideband +^^^^^^^^ + If you would rather use a program with a graphical user interface, you can take a look at `Sideband `_, which is available for Android, Linux and macOS. @@ -44,6 +66,8 @@ Linux and macOS. :align: center :target: _images/sideband_1.png +Sideband is currently in the early stages of development, but already provides basic +communication features, and interoperates with Nomad Network, or any other LXMF client. Using the Included Utilities ============================================= @@ -83,22 +107,29 @@ Once Reticulums knows which interfaces it should use, it will automatically discover topography and configure transport of data to any destinations it knows about. +In situations where you already have an established WiFi or ethernet network, and +many devices that want to utilise the same external Reticulum network (for example over +LoRa), it will often be sufficient to let one system act as a Reticulum gateway, by +adding any external interfaces to this systems configuration, and enabling transport. Any +other device on your local WiFi will then be able to connect to this wider Reticulum +network just using the default interface configuration. + Possibly, the examples in the config file are enough to get you started. If you want more information, you can read the :ref:`Building Networks` and :ref:`Interfaces` chapters of this manual. Connecting Reticulum Instances Over the Internet ================================================ -Reticulum currently offers two interfaces for connecting instances over the Internet: :ref:`TCP` +Reticulum currently offers two interfaces suitable for connecting instances over the Internet: :ref:`TCP` and :ref:`I2P`. Each interface offers a different set of features, and Reticulum users should carefully choose the interface which best suites their needs. The ``TCPServerInterface`` allows users to host an instance accessible over TCP/IP. This method is generally faster, lower latency, and more energy efficient than using ``I2PInterface``, -however it also leaks considerable metadata about the server host. +however it also leaks more data about the server host. -Direct TCP client connections are able to see the IP address of your instance and may be able -to use this information to determine your location or identity. Adversaries +TCP connections reveal the IP address of both your instance and the server to anyone who can +inspect the connection. Someone could use this information to determine your location or identity. Adversaries inspecting your packets may be able to record packet metadata like time of transmission and packet size. Even though Reticulum encrypts traffic, TCP does not, so an adversary may be able to use packet inspection to learn that a system is running Reticulum, and what other IP adresses connect to it. @@ -107,10 +138,9 @@ which most Internet connections don't offer anymore. The ``I2PInterface`` routes messages through the `Invisible Internet Protocol (I2P) `_. To properly use this interface, users must also run an I2P daemon in -parallel to ``rnsd``. For always-on I2P nodes it is recommended to use `i2pd `_ because it -generally runs more efficiently. +parallel to ``rnsd``. For always-on I2P nodes it is recommended to use `i2pd `_. -By default, I2P will encrypt all traffic sent over the Internet, and +By default, I2P will encrypt and mix all traffic sent over the Internet, and hide both the sender and receiver Reticulum instance IP addresses. Running an I2P node will also relay other I2P user's encrypted packets, which will use extra bandwidth and compute power, but also makes timing attacks and other forms of diff --git a/docs/source/using.rst b/docs/source/using.rst index 77465ea..9cfcf43 100644 --- a/docs/source/using.rst +++ b/docs/source/using.rst @@ -12,10 +12,11 @@ initialise Reticulum when it starts. In many cases, this approach is sufficient. When any program needs to use Reticulum, it is loaded, initialised, interfaces are brought up, and the -program can now communicate over Reticulum. If another program starts up -and also wants access to the same Reticulum network, the instance is simply -shared. This works for any number of programs running concurrently, and is -very easy to use, but depending on your use case, there are other options. +program can now communicate over any Reticulum networks available. If another +program starts up and also wants access to the same Reticulum network, the +instance is simply shared. This works for any number of programs running +concurrently, and is very easy to use, but depending on your use case, there +are other options. Included Utility Programs ------------------------- @@ -72,33 +73,49 @@ interfaces, similar to the ``ifconfig`` program. # Example output Shared Instance[37428] - Status: Up - Connected applications: 1 - RX: 1.13 KB - TX: 1.07 KB + Status : Up + Serving : 1 program + Rate : 1.00 Gbps + Traffic : 83.13 KB↑ + 86.10 KB↓ - UDPInterface[Default UDP Interface/0.0.0.0:4242] - Status: Up - RX: 1.01 KB - TX: 1.01 KB + AutoInterface[Local] + Status : Up + Mode : Full + Rate : 10.00 Mbps + Peers : 1 reachable + Traffic : 63.23 KB↑ + 80.17 KB↓ TCPInterface[RNS Testnet Frankfurt/frankfurt.rns.unsigned.io:4965] - Status: Up - RX: 1.37 KB - TX: 9.02 KB + Status : Up + Mode : Full + Rate : 10.00 Mbps + Traffic : 187.27 KB↑ + 74.17 KB↓ + + RNodeInterface[RNode UHF] + Status : Up + Mode : Access Point + Rate : 1.30 kbps + Access : 64-bit IFAC by <…e702c42ba8> + Traffic : 8.49 KB↑ + 9.23 KB↓ + + Reticulum Transport Instance <5245a8efe1788c6a70e1> running .. code:: text - usage: rnsd [-h] [--config CONFIG] [-v] [-q] [--version] + usage: rnstatus [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-a] [-v] - Reticulum Network Stack Daemon + Reticulum Network Stack Status optional arguments: -h, --help show this help message and exit --config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory - -v, --verbose - -q, --quiet --version show program's version number and exit + -a, --all show all interfaces + -v, --verbose The rnpath Utility @@ -117,7 +134,8 @@ destinations on the Reticulum network. .. code:: text - usage: rnpath.py [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-v] [destination] + usage: rnpath [-h] [--config CONFIG] [--version] [-t] [-d] [-w seconds] [-v] + [destination] Reticulum Path Discovery Utility @@ -128,6 +146,9 @@ destinations on the Reticulum network. -h, --help show this help message and exit --config CONFIG path to alternative Reticulum config directory --version show program's version number and exit + -t, --table show all known paths + -d, --drop remove the path to a destination + -w seconds timeout before giving up -v, --verbose diff --git a/docs/source/whatis.rst b/docs/source/whatis.rst index 109f057..db3211b 100644 --- a/docs/source/whatis.rst +++ b/docs/source/whatis.rst @@ -2,9 +2,9 @@ What is Reticulum? ****************** -Reticulum is a cryptography-based networking stack for wide-area networks built on readily available hardware, that can operate even with very high latency and extremely low bandwidth. +Reticulum is a cryptography-based networking stack for building wide-area networks with readily available hardware, that can continue to operate even with extremely low bandwidth and very high latency. -Reticulum allows you to build very wide-area networks with off-the-shelf tools, and offers end-to-end encryption, autoconfiguring cryptographically backed multi-hop transport, efficient addressing, unforgeable packet acknowledgements and more. +Reticulum allows you to build wide-area networks with off-the-shelf tools, and offers end-to-end encryption, autoconfiguring cryptographically backed multi-hop transport, efficient addressing, unforgeable packet acknowledgements and more. Reticulum is a complete networking stack, and does not need IP or higher layers, although it is easy to utilise IP (with TCP or UDP) as the underlying carrier for Reticulum. It is therefore trivial to tunnel Reticulum over the Internet or private IP networks. Reticulum is built directly on cryptographic principles, allowing resilience and stable functionality in open and trustless networks. @@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ No kernel modules or drivers are required. Reticulum runs completely in userland Current Status ============== -Reticulum should currently be considered beta software. All core protocol features are implemented and functioning, but additions will probably occur as real-world use is explored. There will be bugs. The API and wire-format can be considered relatively stable at the moment, but could change if warranted. +Reticulum should currently be considered beta software. All core protocol features are implemented and functioning, but additions will probably occur as real-world use is explored. There will be bugs. The API and wire-format can be considered stable at the moment, but could change if absolutely warranted. What does Reticulum Offer? @@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ What does Reticulum Offer? * Complete initiator anonymity, communicate without revealing your identity -* Asymmetric X25519 encryption and Ed25519 signatures as a basis for all communication +* Asymmetric encryption based on X25519, and Ed25519 signatures as a basis for all communication -* Forward Secrecy with ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys on Curve25519 +* Forward Secrecy by using ephemereal Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman keys on Curve25519 * Reticulum uses the `Fernet `_ specification for on-the-wire / over-the-air encryption @@ -44,6 +44,12 @@ What does Reticulum Offer? * An intuitive and developer-friendly API +* Efficient link establishment + + * Total bandwidth cost of setting up a link is only 3 packets, totalling 237 bytes + + * Low cost of keeping links open at only 0.62 bits per second + * Reliable and efficient transfer of arbritrary amounts of data * Reticulum can handle a few bytes of data or files of many gigabytes @@ -52,11 +58,9 @@ What does Reticulum Offer? * The API is very easy to use, and provides transfer progress -* Efficient link establishment +* Authentication and virtual network segmentation on all supported interface types - * Total bandwidth cost of setting up a link is only 3 packets, totalling 237 bytes - - * Low cost of keeping links open at only 0.62 bits per second +* Flexible scalability allowing extremely low-bandwidth networks to co-exist and interoperate with large, high-bandwidth networks Where can Reticulum be Used? @@ -68,9 +72,9 @@ ad-hoc WiFi, free-space optical links and similar systems are all examples of the types of interfaces Reticulum was designed for. An open-source LoRa-based interface called `RNode `_ -has been designed specifically for use with Reticulum. It is possible to build -yourself, or it can be purchased as a complete transceiver that just needs a -USB connection to the host. +has been designed as an example transceiver that is very suitable for +Reticulum. It is possible to build it yourself, to transform a common LoRa +development board into one, or it can be purchased as a complete transceiver. Reticulum can also be encapsulated over existing IP networks, so there's nothing stopping you from using it over wired ethernet or your local WiFi @@ -80,22 +84,40 @@ self-configuring, resilient and encrypted mesh. As an example, it's possible to set up a Raspberry Pi connected to both a LoRa radio, a packet radio TNC and a WiFi network. Once the interfaces are -configured, Reticulum will take care of the rest, and any device on the WiFi +added, Reticulum will take care of the rest, and any device on the WiFi network can communicate with nodes on the LoRa and packet radio sides of the network, and vice versa. Interface Types and Devices =========================== -Reticulum implements a range of generalised interface types that covers most of the communications hardware that Reticulum can run over. If your hardware is not supported, it's relatively simple to implement an interface class. Currently, the following interfaces are supported: +Reticulum implements a range of generalised interface types that covers the communications hardware that Reticulum can run over. If your hardware is not supported, it's relatively simple to implement an interface class. Currently, Reticulum can use the following devices and communication mediums: * Any ethernet device + * WiFi devices + + * Wired ethernet devices + + * Fibre-optic transceivers + + * Data radios with ethernet ports + * LoRa using `RNode `_ + * Can be installed on `many popular LoRa boards `_ + + * Can be purchased as a `ready to use transceiver `_ + * Packet Radio TNCs, such as `OpenModem `_ + * Any packet radio TNC in KISS mode + + * Ideal for VHF and UHF radio + * Any device with a serial port +* The I2P network + * TCP over IP networks * UDP over IP networks