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<article role="main">
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<section id="getting-started-fast">
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<h1>Getting Started Fast<a class="headerlink" href="#getting-started-fast" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h1>
|
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<p>The best way to get started with the Reticulum Network Stack depends on what
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you want to do. This guide will outline sensible starting paths for different
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scenarios.</p>
|
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<section id="standalone-reticulum-installation">
|
||
<h2>Standalone Reticulum Installation<a class="headerlink" href="#standalone-reticulum-installation" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>If you simply want to install Reticulum and related utilities on a system,
|
||
the easiest way is via the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> package manager:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">rns</span>
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||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>If you do not already have pip installed, you can install it using the package manager
|
||
of your system with a command like <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sudo</span> <span class="pre">apt</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">python3-pip</span></code>,
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sudo</span> <span class="pre">pamac</span> <span class="pre">install</span> <span class="pre">python-pip</span></code> or similar.</p>
|
||
<p>You can also dowload the Reticulum release wheels from GitHub, or other release channels,
|
||
and install them offline using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code>:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="o">./</span><span class="n">rns</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">0.5.1</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">py3</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">none</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nb">any</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">whl</span>
|
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</pre></div>
|
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</div>
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</section>
|
||
<section id="resolving-dependency-installation-issues">
|
||
<h2>Resolving Dependency & Installation Issues<a class="headerlink" href="#resolving-dependency-installation-issues" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>On some platforms, there may not be binary packages available for all dependencies, and
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> installation may fail with an error message. In these cases, the issue can usually
|
||
be resolved by installing the development essentials packages for your platform:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Debian / Ubuntu / Derivatives</span>
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||
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">apt</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">build</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">essential</span>
|
||
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||
<span class="c1"># Arch / Manjaro / Derivatives</span>
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||
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">pamac</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">base</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">devel</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Fedora</span>
|
||
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">dnf</span> <span class="n">groupinstall</span> <span class="s2">"Development Tools"</span> <span class="s2">"Development Libraries"</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>With the base development packages installed, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> should be able to compile any missing
|
||
dependencies from source, and complete installation even on platforms that don’t have pre-
|
||
compiled packages available.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="try-using-a-reticulum-based-program">
|
||
<h2>Try Using a Reticulum-based Program<a class="headerlink" href="#try-using-a-reticulum-based-program" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>If you simply want to try using a program built with Reticulum, a few different
|
||
programs exist that allow basic communication and a range of other useful functions,
|
||
even over extremely low-bandwidth Reticulum networks.</p>
|
||
<p>These programs will let you get a feel for how Reticulum works. They have been designed
|
||
to run well over networks based on LoRa or packet radio, but can also be used over fast
|
||
links, such as local WiFi, wired Ethernet, the Internet, or any combination.</p>
|
||
<p>As such, it is easy to get started experimenting, without having to set up any radio
|
||
transceivers or infrastructure just to try it out. Launching the programs on separate
|
||
devices connected to the same WiFi network is enough to get started, and physical
|
||
radio interfaces can then be added later.</p>
|
||
<section id="remote-shell">
|
||
<h3>Remote Shell<a class="headerlink" href="#remote-shell" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
|
||
<p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/acehoss/rnsh">rnsh</a> program lets you establish fully interactive
|
||
remote shell sessions over Reticulum. It also allows you to pipe any program to or from a
|
||
remote system, and is similar to how <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">ssh</span></code> works. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsh</span></code> is very efficient, and
|
||
can facilitate fully interactive shell sessions, even over extremely low-bandwidth links,
|
||
such as LoRa or packet radio.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="nomad-network">
|
||
<h3>Nomad Network<a class="headerlink" href="#nomad-network" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
|
||
<p>The terminal-based program <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/markqvist/nomadnet">Nomad Network</a>
|
||
provides a complete encrypted communications suite built with Reticulum. It features
|
||
encrypted messaging (both direct and delayed-delivery for offline users), file sharing,
|
||
and has a built-in text-browser and page server with support for dynamically rendered pages,
|
||
user authentication and more.</p>
|
||
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="_images/nomadnet_3.png"><img alt="_images/nomadnet_3.png" src="_images/nomadnet_3.png" /></a>
|
||
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/markqvist/nomadnet">Nomad Network</a> is a user-facing client
|
||
for the messaging and information-sharing protocol
|
||
<a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/markqvist/lxmf">LXMF</a>, another project built with Reticulum.</p>
|
||
<p>You can install Nomad Network via pip:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Install ...</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">nomadnet</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># ... and run</span>
|
||
<span class="n">nomadnet</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p><strong>Please Note</strong>: If this is the very first time you use pip to install a program
|
||
on your system, you might need to reboot your system for your program to become
|
||
available. If you get a “command not found” error or similar when running the
|
||
program, reboot your system and try again.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="sideband">
|
||
<h3>Sideband<a class="headerlink" href="#sideband" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
|
||
<p>If you would rather use a program with a graphical user interface, you can take
|
||
a look at <a class="reference external" href="https://unsigned.io/sideband">Sideband</a>, which is available for Android,
|
||
Linux, macOS and Windows.</p>
|
||
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="_images/sideband_devices.webp"><img alt="_images/sideband_devices.webp" class="align-center" src="_images/sideband_devices.webp" /></a>
|
||
<p>Sideband allows you to communicate with other people or LXMF-compatible
|
||
systems over Reticulum networks using LoRa, Packet Radio, WiFi, I2P, Encrypted QR
|
||
Paper Messages, or anything else Reticulum supports. It also interoperates with
|
||
the Nomad Network program.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="meshchat">
|
||
<h3>MeshChat<a class="headerlink" href="#meshchat" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
|
||
<p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/liamcottle/reticulum-meshchat">Reticulum MeshChat</a> application
|
||
is a user-friendly LXMF client for macOS and Windows, that also includes voice call
|
||
functionality, and a range of other interesting functions.</p>
|
||
<a class="reference external image-reference" href="_images/meshchat_1.webp"><img alt="_images/meshchat_1.webp" class="align-center" src="_images/meshchat_1.webp" /></a>
|
||
<p>Reticulum MeshChat is of course also compatible with Sideband and Nomad Network, or
|
||
any other LXMF client.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="using-the-included-utilities">
|
||
<h2>Using the Included Utilities<a class="headerlink" href="#using-the-included-utilities" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Reticulum comes with a range of included utilities that make it easier to
|
||
manage your network, check connectivity and make Reticulum available to other
|
||
programs on your system.</p>
|
||
<p>You can use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code> to run Reticulum as a background or foreground service,
|
||
and the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnstatus</span></code>, <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnpath</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnprobe</span></code> utilities to view and query
|
||
network status and connectivity.</p>
|
||
<p>To learn more about these utility programs, have a look at the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="using.html#using-main"><span class="std std-ref">Using Reticulum on Your System</span></a> chapter of this manual.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="creating-a-network-with-reticulum">
|
||
<h2>Creating a Network With Reticulum<a class="headerlink" href="#creating-a-network-with-reticulum" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>To create a network, you will need to specify one or more <em>interfaces</em> for
|
||
Reticulum to use. This is done in the Reticulum configuration file, which by
|
||
default is located at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.reticulum/config</span></code>. You can get an example
|
||
configuration file with all options via <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span> <span class="pre">--exampleconfig</span></code>.</p>
|
||
<p>When Reticulum is started for the first time, it will create a default
|
||
configuration file, with one active interface. This default interface uses
|
||
your existing Ethernet and WiFi networks (if any), and only allows you to
|
||
communicate with other Reticulum peers within your local broadcast domains.</p>
|
||
<p>To communicate further, you will have to add one or more interfaces. The default
|
||
configuration includes a number of examples, ranging from using TCP over the
|
||
internet, to LoRa and Packet Radio interfaces.</p>
|
||
<p>With Reticulum, you only need to configure what interfaces you want to communicate
|
||
over. There is no need to configure address spaces, subnets, routing tables,
|
||
or other things you might be used to from other network types.</p>
|
||
<p>Once Reticulum knows which interfaces it should use, it will automatically
|
||
discover topography and configure transport of data to any destinations it
|
||
knows about.</p>
|
||
<p>In situations where you already have an established WiFi or Ethernet network, and
|
||
many devices that want to utilise the same external Reticulum network paths (for example over
|
||
LoRa), it will often be sufficient to let one system act as a Reticulum gateway, by
|
||
adding any external interfaces to the configuration of this system, and then enabling transport on it. Any
|
||
other device on your local WiFi will then be able to connect to this wider Reticulum
|
||
network just using the default (<a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html#interfaces-auto"><span class="std std-ref">AutoInterface</span></a>) configuration.</p>
|
||
<p>Possibly, the examples in the config file are enough to get you started. If
|
||
you want more information, you can read the <a class="reference internal" href="networks.html#networks-main"><span class="std std-ref">Building Networks</span></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html#interfaces-main"><span class="std std-ref">Interfaces</span></a> chapters of this manual.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="connecting-reticulum-instances-over-the-internet">
|
||
<h2>Connecting Reticulum Instances Over the Internet<a class="headerlink" href="#connecting-reticulum-instances-over-the-internet" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Reticulum currently offers two interfaces suitable for connecting instances over the Internet: <a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html#interfaces-tcps"><span class="std std-ref">TCP</span></a>
|
||
and <a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html#interfaces-i2p"><span class="std std-ref">I2P</span></a>. Each interface offers a different set of features, and Reticulum
|
||
users should carefully choose the interface which best suites their needs.</p>
|
||
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">TCPServerInterface</span></code> allows users to host an instance accessible over TCP/IP. This
|
||
method is generally faster, lower latency, and more energy efficient than using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">I2PInterface</span></code>,
|
||
however it also leaks more data about the server host.</p>
|
||
<p>TCP connections reveal the IP address of both your instance and the server to anyone who can
|
||
inspect the connection. Someone could use this information to determine your location or identity. Adversaries
|
||
inspecting your packets may be able to record packet metadata like time of transmission and packet size.
|
||
Even though Reticulum encrypts traffic, TCP does not, so an adversary may be able to use
|
||
packet inspection to learn that a system is running Reticulum, and what other IP addresses connect to it.
|
||
Hosting a publicly reachable instance over TCP also requires a publicly reachable IP address,
|
||
which most Internet connections don’t offer anymore.</p>
|
||
<p>The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">I2PInterface</span></code> routes messages through the <a class="reference external" href="https://geti2p.net/en/">Invisible Internet Protocol
|
||
(I2P)</a>. To use this interface, users must also run an I2P daemon in
|
||
parallel to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnsd</span></code>. For always-on I2P nodes it is recommended to use <a class="reference external" href="https://i2pd.website/">i2pd</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>By default, I2P will encrypt and mix all traffic sent over the Internet, and
|
||
hide both the sender and receiver Reticulum instance IP addresses. Running an I2P node
|
||
will also relay other I2P user’s encrypted packets, which will use extra
|
||
bandwidth and compute power, but also makes timing attacks and other forms of
|
||
deep-packet-inspection much more difficult.</p>
|
||
<p>I2P also allows users to host globally available Reticulum instances from non-public IP’s and behind firewalls and NAT.</p>
|
||
<p>In general it is recommended to use an I2P node if you want to host a publicly accessible
|
||
instance, while preserving anonymity. If you care more about performance, and a slightly
|
||
easier setup, use TCP.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="connect-to-the-public-testnet">
|
||
<h2>Connect to the Public Testnet<a class="headerlink" href="#connect-to-the-public-testnet" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>An experimental public testnet has been made accessible over both I2P and TCP. You can join it
|
||
by adding one of the following interfaces to your <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.reticulum/config</span></code> file:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># TCP/IP interface to the RNS Amsterdam Hub</span>
|
||
<span class="p">[[</span><span class="n">RNS</span> <span class="n">Testnet</span> <span class="n">Amsterdam</span><span class="p">]]</span>
|
||
<span class="nb">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TCPClientInterface</span>
|
||
<span class="n">enabled</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">yes</span>
|
||
<span class="n">target_host</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">amsterdam</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">connect</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">reticulum</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">network</span>
|
||
<span class="n">target_port</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4965</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># TCP/IP interface to the BetweenTheBorders Hub (community-provided)</span>
|
||
<span class="p">[[</span><span class="n">RNS</span> <span class="n">Testnet</span> <span class="n">BetweenTheBorders</span><span class="p">]]</span>
|
||
<span class="nb">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">TCPClientInterface</span>
|
||
<span class="n">enabled</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">yes</span>
|
||
<span class="n">target_host</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">reticulum</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">betweentheborders</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">com</span>
|
||
<span class="n">target_port</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">4242</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Interface to Testnet I2P Hub</span>
|
||
<span class="p">[[</span><span class="n">RNS</span> <span class="n">Testnet</span> <span class="n">I2P</span> <span class="n">Hub</span><span class="p">]]</span>
|
||
<span class="nb">type</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">I2PInterface</span>
|
||
<span class="n">enabled</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">yes</span>
|
||
<span class="n">peers</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">g3br23bvx3lq5uddcsjii74xgmn6y5q325ovrkq2zw2wbzbqgbuq</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">b32</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">i2p</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Many other Reticulum instances are connecting to this testnet, and you can also join it
|
||
via other entry points if you know them. There is absolutely no control over the network
|
||
topography, usage or what types of instances connect. It will also occasionally be used
|
||
to test various failure scenarios, and there are no availability or service guarantees.
|
||
Expect weird things to happen on this network, as people experiment and try out things.</p>
|
||
<p>It probably goes without saying, but <em>don’t use the testnet entry-points as
|
||
hardcoded or default interfaces in any applications you ship to users</em>. When
|
||
shipping applications, the best practice is to provide your own default
|
||
connectivity solutions, if needed and applicable, or in most cases, simply
|
||
leave it up to the user which networks to connect to, and how.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="adding-radio-interfaces">
|
||
<h2>Adding Radio Interfaces<a class="headerlink" href="#adding-radio-interfaces" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Once you have Reticulum installed and working, you can add radio interfaces with
|
||
any compatible hardware you have available. Reticulum supports a wide range of radio
|
||
hardware, and if you already have any available, it is very likely that it will
|
||
work with Reticulum. For information on how to configure this, see the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html#interfaces-main"><span class="std std-ref">Interfaces</span></a> section of this manual.</p>
|
||
<p>If you do not already have transceiver hardware available, you can easily and
|
||
cheaply build an <a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#rnode-main"><span class="std std-ref">RNode</span></a>, which is a general-purpose long-range
|
||
digital radio transceiver, that integrates easily with Reticulum.</p>
|
||
<p>To build one yourself requires installing a custom firmware on a supported LoRa
|
||
development board with an auto-install script. Please see the <a class="reference internal" href="hardware.html#hardware-main"><span class="std std-ref">Communications Hardware</span></a>
|
||
chapter for a guide. If you prefer purchasing a ready-made unit, you can refer to the
|
||
<span class="xref std std-ref">list of suppliers</span>. For more information on RNode, you can also
|
||
refer to these additional external resources:</p>
|
||
<ul class="simple">
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://unsigned.io/how-to-make-your-own-rnodes/">How To Make Your Own RNodes</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://unsigned.io/installing-rnode-firmware-on-supported-devices/">Installing RNode Firmware on Compatible LoRa Devices</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://unsigned.io/private-messaging-over-lora/">Private, Secure and Uncensorable Messaging Over a LoRa Mesh</a></p></li>
|
||
<li><p><a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/markqvist/RNode_Firmware/">RNode Firmware</a></p></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<p>If you have communications hardware that is not already supported by any of the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="interfaces.html#interfaces-main"><span class="std std-ref">existing interface types</span></a>, but you think would be suitable for use with Reticulum,
|
||
you are welcome to head over to the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/markqvist/Reticulum/discussions">GitHub discussion pages</a>
|
||
and propose adding an interface for the hardware.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="develop-a-program-with-reticulum">
|
||
<h2>Develop a Program with Reticulum<a class="headerlink" href="#develop-a-program-with-reticulum" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>If you want to develop programs that use Reticulum, the easiest way to get
|
||
started is to install the latest release of Reticulum via pip:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">rns</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>The above command will install Reticulum and dependencies, and you will be
|
||
ready to import and use RNS in your own programs. The next step will most
|
||
likely be to look at some <a class="reference internal" href="examples.html#examples-main"><span class="std std-ref">Example Programs</span></a>.</p>
|
||
<p>For extended functionality, you can install optional dependencies:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">pyserial</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Further information can be found in the <a class="reference internal" href="reference.html#api-main"><span class="std std-ref">API Reference</span></a>.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="participate-in-reticulum-development">
|
||
<h2>Participate in Reticulum Development<a class="headerlink" href="#participate-in-reticulum-development" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>If you want to participate in the development of Reticulum and associated
|
||
utilities, you’ll want to get the latest source from GitHub. In that case,
|
||
don’t use pip, but try this recipe:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Install dependencies</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">cryptography</span> <span class="n">pyserial</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Clone repository</span>
|
||
<span class="n">git</span> <span class="n">clone</span> <span class="n">https</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="o">//</span><span class="n">github</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">com</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">markqvist</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Reticulum</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">git</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Move into Reticulum folder and symlink library to examples folder</span>
|
||
<span class="n">cd</span> <span class="n">Reticulum</span>
|
||
<span class="n">ln</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">s</span> <span class="o">../</span><span class="n">RNS</span> <span class="o">./</span><span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Run an example</span>
|
||
<span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Echo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">s</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Unless you've manually created a config file, Reticulum will do so now,</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># and immediately exit. Make any necessary changes to the file:</span>
|
||
<span class="n">nano</span> <span class="o">~/.</span><span class="n">reticulum</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">config</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># ... and launch the example again.</span>
|
||
<span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Echo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">s</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># You can now repeat the process on another computer,</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># and run the same example with -h to get command line options.</span>
|
||
<span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Echo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">h</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Run the example in client mode to "ping" the server.</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># Replace the hash below with the actual destination hash of your server.</span>
|
||
<span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Echo</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="mi">174</span><span class="n">a64852a75682259ad8b921b8bf416</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Have a look at another example</span>
|
||
<span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">Examples</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Filetransfer</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">py</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">h</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>When you have experimented with the basic examples, it’s time to go read the
|
||
<a class="reference internal" href="understanding.html#understanding-main"><span class="std std-ref">Understanding Reticulum</span></a> chapter. Before submitting
|
||
your first pull request, it is probably a good idea to introduce yourself on
|
||
the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/markqvist/Reticulum/discussions">disucssion forum on GitHub</a>,
|
||
or ask one of the developers or maintainers for a good place to start.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="platform-specific-install-notes">
|
||
<h2>Platform-Specific Install Notes<a class="headerlink" href="#platform-specific-install-notes" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>Some platforms require a slightly different installation procedure, or have
|
||
various quirks that are worth being aware of. These are listed here.</p>
|
||
<section id="android">
|
||
<h3>Android<a class="headerlink" href="#android" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
|
||
<p>Reticulum can be used on Android in different ways. The easiest way to get
|
||
started is using an app like <a class="reference external" href="https://unsigned.io/sideband">Sideband</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>For more control and features, you can use Reticulum and related programs via
|
||
the <a class="reference external" href="https://termux.com/">Termux app</a>, at the time of writing available on
|
||
<a class="reference external" href="https://f-droid.org">F-droid</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>Termux is a terminal emulator and Linux environment for Android based devices,
|
||
which includes the ability to use many different programs and libraries,
|
||
including Reticulum.</p>
|
||
<p>To use Reticulum within the Termux environment, you will need to install
|
||
<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python</span></code> and the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python-cryptography</span></code> library using <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pkg</span></code>, the package-manager
|
||
build into Termux. After that, you can use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> to install Reticulum.</p>
|
||
<p>From within Termux, execute the following:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># First, make sure indexes and packages are up to date.</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pkg</span> <span class="n">update</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pkg</span> <span class="n">upgrade</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Then install python and the cryptography library.</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pkg</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">python</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">cryptography</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Make sure pip is up to date, and install the wheel module.</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">wheel</span> <span class="n">pip</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">upgrade</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Install Reticulum</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">rns</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>If for some reason the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python-cryptography</span></code> package is not available for
|
||
your platform via the Termux package manager, you can attempt to build it
|
||
locally on your device using the following command:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># First, make sure indexes and packages are up to date.</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pkg</span> <span class="n">update</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pkg</span> <span class="n">upgrade</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Then install dependencies for the cryptography library.</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pkg</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">python</span> <span class="n">build</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">essential</span> <span class="n">openssl</span> <span class="n">libffi</span> <span class="n">rust</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Make sure pip is up to date, and install the wheel module.</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">wheel</span> <span class="n">pip</span> <span class="o">--</span><span class="n">upgrade</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># To allow the installer to build the cryptography module,</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># we need to let it know what platform we are compiling for:</span>
|
||
<span class="n">export</span> <span class="n">CARGO_BUILD_TARGET</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s2">"aarch64-linux-android"</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Start the install process for the cryptography module.</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># Depending on your device, this can take several minutes,</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># since the module must be compiled locally on your device.</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">cryptography</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># If the above installation succeeds, you can now install</span>
|
||
<span class="c1"># Reticulum and any related software</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">rns</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>It is also possible to include Reticulum in apps compiled and distributed as
|
||
Android APKs. A detailed tutorial and example source code will be included
|
||
here at a later point. Until then you can use the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/markqvist/sideband">Sideband source code</a> as an example and starting point.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="arm64">
|
||
<h3>ARM64<a class="headerlink" href="#arm64" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
|
||
<p>On some architectures, including ARM64, not all dependencies have precompiled
|
||
binaries. On such systems, you may need to install <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">python3-dev</span></code> before
|
||
installing Reticulum or programs that depend on Reticulum.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Install Python and development packages</span>
|
||
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">apt</span> <span class="n">update</span>
|
||
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">apt</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">python3</span> <span class="n">python3</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">python3</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">dev</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Install Reticulum</span>
|
||
<span class="n">python3</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="n">m</span> <span class="n">pip</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">rns</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="raspberry-pi">
|
||
<h3>Raspberry Pi<a class="headerlink" href="#raspberry-pi" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
|
||
<p>It is currently recommended to use a 64-bit version of the Raspberry Pi OS
|
||
if you want to run Reticulum on Raspberry Pi computers, since 32-bit versions
|
||
don’t always have packages available for some dependencies.</p>
|
||
<p>While it is possible to install and run Reticulum on 32-bit Rasperry Pi OSes,
|
||
it will require manually configuring and installing some packages, and is not
|
||
detailed in this manual.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="debian-bookworm">
|
||
<h3>Debian Bookworm<a class="headerlink" href="#debian-bookworm" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
|
||
<p>On versions of Debian released after April 2023, it is no longer possible by default
|
||
to use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> to install packages onto your system. Unfortunately, you will need to
|
||
use the replacement <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pipx</span></code> command instead, which places installed packages in an
|
||
isolated environment. This should not negatively affect Reticulum, but will not work
|
||
for including and using Reticulum in your own scripts and programs.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Install pipx</span>
|
||
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">apt</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">pipx</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Make installed programs available on the command line</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pipx</span> <span class="n">ensurepath</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Install Reticulum</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pipx</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">rns</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Alternatively, you can restore normal behaviour to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> by creating or editing
|
||
the configuration file located at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.config/pip/pip.conf</span></code>, and adding the
|
||
following section:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[global]
|
||
break-system-packages = true
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Please note that the “break-system-packages” directive is a somewhat misleading choice
|
||
of words. Setting it will of course not break any system packages, but will simply
|
||
allow installing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> packages user- and system-wide. While this <em>could</em> in rare
|
||
cases lead to version conflicts, it does not generally pose any problems.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="ubuntu-lunar">
|
||
<h3>Ubuntu Lunar<a class="headerlink" href="#ubuntu-lunar" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h3>
|
||
<p>On versions of Ubuntu released after April 2023, it is no longer possible by default
|
||
to use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> to install packages onto your system. Unfortunately, you will need to
|
||
use the replacement <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pipx</span></code> command instead, which places installed packages in an
|
||
isolated environment. This should not negatively affect Reticulum, but will not work
|
||
for including and using Reticulum in your own scripts and programs.</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1"># Install pipx</span>
|
||
<span class="n">sudo</span> <span class="n">apt</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">pipx</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Make installed programs available on the command line</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pipx</span> <span class="n">ensurepath</span>
|
||
|
||
<span class="c1"># Install Reticulum</span>
|
||
<span class="n">pipx</span> <span class="n">install</span> <span class="n">rns</span>
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Alternatively, you can restore normal behaviour to <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> by creating or editing
|
||
the configuration file located at <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">~/.config/pip/pip.conf</span></code>, and adding the
|
||
following section:</p>
|
||
<div class="highlight-text notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[global]
|
||
break-system-packages = true
|
||
</pre></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<p>Please note that the “break-system-packages” directive is a somewhat misleading choice
|
||
of words. Setting it will of course not break any system packages, but will simply
|
||
allow installing <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code> packages user- and system-wide. While this _could_ in rare
|
||
cases lead to version conflicts, it does not generally pose any problems.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
<section id="pure-python-reticulum">
|
||
<h2>Pure-Python Reticulum<a class="headerlink" href="#pure-python-reticulum" title="Permalink to this heading">#</a></h2>
|
||
<p>In some rare cases, and on more obscure system types, it is not possible to
|
||
install one or more dependencies. In such situations,
|
||
you can use the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnspure</span></code> package instead of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rns</span></code> package, or use <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pip</span></code>
|
||
with the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">--no-dependencies</span></code> command-line option. The <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnspure</span></code>
|
||
package requires no external dependencies for installation. Please note that the
|
||
actual contents of the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rns</span></code> and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnspure</span></code> packages are <em>completely identical</em>.
|
||
The only difference is that the <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">rnspure</span></code> package lists no dependencies required
|
||
for installation.</p>
|
||
<p>No matter how Reticulum is installed and started, it will load external dependencies
|
||
only if they are <em>needed</em> and <em>available</em>. If for example you want to use Reticulum
|
||
on a system that cannot support <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">pyserial</span></code>, it is perfectly possible to do so using
|
||
the <cite>rnspure</cite> package, but Reticulum will not be able to use serial-based interfaces.
|
||
All other available modules will still be loaded when needed.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>Please Note!</strong> If you use the <cite>rnspure</cite> package to run Reticulum on systems that
|
||
do not support <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/pyca/cryptography">PyCA/cryptography</a>, it is
|
||
important that you read and understand the <a class="reference internal" href="understanding.html#understanding-primitives"><span class="std std-ref">Cryptographic Primitives</span></a>
|
||
section of this manual.</p>
|
||
</section>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
</article>
|
||
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|
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<span class="toc-title">
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On this page
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</span>
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</div>
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<div class="toc-tree-container">
|
||
<div class="toc-tree">
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">Getting Started Fast</a><ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#standalone-reticulum-installation">Standalone Reticulum Installation</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#resolving-dependency-installation-issues">Resolving Dependency & Installation Issues</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#try-using-a-reticulum-based-program">Try Using a Reticulum-based Program</a><ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#remote-shell">Remote Shell</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#nomad-network">Nomad Network</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#sideband">Sideband</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#meshchat">MeshChat</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#using-the-included-utilities">Using the Included Utilities</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#creating-a-network-with-reticulum">Creating a Network With Reticulum</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#connecting-reticulum-instances-over-the-internet">Connecting Reticulum Instances Over the Internet</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#connect-to-the-public-testnet">Connect to the Public Testnet</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#adding-radio-interfaces">Adding Radio Interfaces</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#develop-a-program-with-reticulum">Develop a Program with Reticulum</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#participate-in-reticulum-development">Participate in Reticulum Development</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#platform-specific-install-notes">Platform-Specific Install Notes</a><ul>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#android">Android</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#arm64">ARM64</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#raspberry-pi">Raspberry Pi</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#debian-bookworm">Debian Bookworm</a></li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#ubuntu-lunar">Ubuntu Lunar</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#pure-python-reticulum">Pure-Python Reticulum</a></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
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</div>
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