# Amateur Radio Emergency Data Network AREDN(tm) Firmware http://www.arednmesh.org ## About AREDN AREDN wireless networks are deployed by licensed Amateur Radio operators, Technician Class or higher, under FCC Part 97 allocations adjacent to FCC part 15, unlicensed, WIFI, allocations. They are configured as ad-hoc nodes to form mesh networks. The firmware created below enables the effective use of valuable and dedicated frequencies for communication services to government and private relief organizations in times of disaster or other emergencies. Amateur Radio frequencies are relatively clean of noise from the commercial allocations and ensure usability for Amateur Radio Operators. This firmware enables 802.11n wireless networks to be created and expanded with minimal to no pre-planning or IT expertise. A user can deploy a 'node' anywhere to connect in and extend an AREDN network. Device hardware options exist to provide sector coverage, build point-to-point links, and connect end point services to the network. High speed link rates are routinely achieved over long distances, e.g. 60Mbps+ on 10MHz channels over 80km links. For further information on obtaining an Amateur Radio Technician Class license, please refer to http://www.arrl.org/getting-your-technician-license ## Usage Information ### What to know about the images built with the instructions below This is the 3.22.8.0 release. ### Images built Device | target | Image to Use | RAM | Stability ------ | ------ | ------------ | --- | --------- AirGrid XM | ar71xx | bullet-m | 32Mb | stable AirGrid XW | ar71xx | loco-m-xw | 32Mb | stable AirRouter | ath79 | airrouter | 32Mb | stable AirRouter HP | ath79 | airrouter | 32Mb | stable Bullet M2Ti/M5/M5Ti | ar71xx | bullet-m | 32Mb | stable Bullet M2 | ath79 | bullet-m | 32Mb | stable Bullet M2 XW | ath79 | bullet-m-xw | 64Mb | stable LiteBeam M5 | ar71xx | lbe-m5 | 64Mb | stable NanoBeam M2-13/M5-16/M5-19 | ar71xx | loco-m-xw | 32Mb | stable NanoBridge 2G18 | ar71xx | bullet-m | 32Mb | stable NanoBridge 5G22/25 | ar71xx | bullet-m | 32Mb | stable NanoBridge M9 | ar71xx | bullet-m | 32Mb | stable NanoStation Loco M2/M5/M9 XM | ar71xx | bullet-m | 32Mb | stable NanoStation Loco M2 XW | ar71xx | loco-m-xw | 64Mb | stable NanoStation Loco M5 XW with test date before ~Nov 2017| ar71xx | loco-m-xw | 64Mb | stable NanoStation Loco M5 XW with test date on or after ~Nov 2017 | ar71xx | rocket-m-xw | 64Mb | stable NanoStation M2/M3/M5 XM | ath79 | nanostation-m | 32Mb | stable NanoStation M2/M5 XW | ath79 | nanostation-m-xw | 64Mb | stable PicoStation M2 | ar71xx | bullet-m | 32Mb | stable PowerBeam-M2-400 | ar71xx | loco-m-xw | 64Mb | stable PowerBeam-M5-300 | ar71xx | loco-m-xw | 64Mb | stable PowerBeam-M5-400/400ISO/620 | ar71xx | rocket-m-xw | 64Mb | stable PowerBridge | ar71xx | nano-m | 64Mb | stable Rocket M9/M2/M3/M5/M5GPS XM | ath79 | rocket-m | 64Mb | stable Rocket M2/M5 XM with USB port | ar71xx | rocket-m | 64Mb | stable Rocket M2 XW | ar71xx | loco-m-xw | 64Mb | stable Rocket M5 XW | ar71xx | rocket-m-xw | 64Mb | stable Rocket M2 Titanium TI | ar71xx | rocket-m-ti | 64Mb | unknown Rocket M2 Titanium XW | ar71xx | rocket-m-xw | 64Mb | unknown Rocket M5 Titanium TI | ar71xx | rocket-m-ti | 64Mb | stable Rocket M5 Titanium XW | ar71xx | rocket-m-xw | 64Mb | stable TPLink CPE210 v1.0/v1.1 | ath79 | cpe210-v1 | 64Mb | stable TPLink CPE210 v2.0 | ath79 | cpe210-v2 | 64Mb | stable TPLink CPE210 v3.0 | ath79 | cpe210-v3 | 64Mb | stable TPLink CPE220 v2.0 | ath79 | cpe220-v2 | 64Mb | stable TPLink CPE220 v3.0 | ath79 | cpe220-v3 | 64Mb | stable TPLink CPE510 v1.0/v1.1 | ath79 | cpe510-v1 | 64Mb | stable TPLink CPE510 v2.0 | ath79 | cpe510-v2 | 64Mb | stable TPLink CPE510 v3.0 | ath79 | cpe510-v3 | 64Mb | stable TPLink CPE610 v1.0 | ath79 | cpe610-v1 | 64Mb | stable TPLink CPE610 v2.0 | ath79 | cpe610-v2 | 64Mb | stable TPLink WBS210 v1.0 | ath79 | wbs210-v1 | 64mb | stable TPLink WBS210 v2.0 | ath79 | wbs210-v2 | 64mb | stable TPLink WBS510 v1.0 | ath79 | wbs510-v1 | 64mb | stable TPLink WBS510 v2.0 | ath79 | wbs510-v2 | 64mb | stable Mikrotik Basebox RB912UAG-5HPnD/2HPnD | ar71xx | mikrotik-nand-large | 64Mb | stable Mikrotik hAP ac lite 952Ui-5ac2nD | ar71xx | mikrotik-rb-nor-flash-16M-ac | 64Mb | stable Mikrotik RBLHG-2nD/5nD | ar71xx | mikrotik-rb-nor-flash-16M | 64Mb | stable Mikrotik RBLHG-5HPnD | ar71xx | mikrotik-rb-nor-flash-16M | 64Mb | stable Mikrotik RBLHG-2nD-XL/5HPnD-XL | ar71xx | mikrotik-rb-nor-flash-16M | 64Mb | stable Mikrotik RBLDF-2nD/5nD | ar71xx | mikrotik-rb-nor-flash-16M | 64Mb | stable Mikrotik QRT5 RB911G-5HPnD-QRT | ar71xx | mikrotik-nand-large | 64Mb | stable Mikrotik mAntbox RB911G-2HPnD/5HPnD | ar71xx | mikrotik-nand-large | 64Mb | stable Mikrotik SXTsq 5HPnD/5nD/2nD | ar71xx | mikrotik-rb-nor-flash-16M | 64Mb | stable GL.iNet GL-AR150 | ath79 | gl-ar150 | 64Mb | stable GL.iNet GL-USB150 | ar71xx | gl-usb150 | 64Mb | stable GL.iNet GL-AR300M16 | ar71xx | gl-ar300m | 64Mb | stable GL.iNet GL-AR300M w/ 128Mb NAND | None | None | 64Mb | Not compatible GL.iNet GL-AR750 | ar71xx | gl-ar750 | 128Mb | stable Meraki MR-16 | ar71xx | mr16 | 64mb | stable The 'target' is a directory to find the image on at http://downloads.arednmesh.org Latest Mikrotik installation options are found at: https://www.arednmesh.org/content/installation-instructions-mikrotik-devices ### Ethernet Port usage The standard Ethernet port of an AREDN device uses the following vlan tags. An 802.1Q switch is necessary to utilize the vlan tagged networks: * untagged: LAN devices - laptop, ipcam, voip phone, etc. * vlan 1: WAN - gateway to connect AREDN network to home network and/or internet (some devices support changing this vlan to an alternate value) * vlan 2: DtDLink (device to device) - AREDN network routing between nodes, typically cross band The following devices have enhanced Ethernet port usage. A single cat5 to the device could be plugged into ether the 'main' or 'secondary' port with standard port functionality. Both ports can be used interchangeably and simultaneously with LAN devices on both ports at the same time. If the device's hardware supports POE (Power Over Ethernet) pass-through from main port to secondary port, an Advanced Setting option will show to turn on/off. This is useful to power ipCams or other mesh nodes by daisy chaining the network cable from one device to another. Then only one network cable may be needed to reach 2 or 3 devices on the tower. Be sure to check the power capacity in the vendor specifications to not exceed. The first device in the chain will provide the DHCP address to all LAN devices on all nodes (because it powers up first). * NanoStation M2 XW * NanoStation M5 XW * NanoStation M2 XM * NanoStation M3 XM * NanoStation M5 XM * TP-Link CPE210 v1/v1.1 * TP-Link CPE220 v2 * TP-Link CPE220 v3 * TP-Link CPE510 v1/v1.1 * TP-Link WBS210 v1 * TP-Link WBS210 v2 * TP-Link WBS510 v1 * TP-Link WBS510 v2 The Mikrotik hAP AC Lite, Ubiquiti AirRouter, and AirRouter HP are pre-configured with the following VLANs: * Port 1: WAN Port - Packets in/out of this port are expected to be untagged. The node is (by default) configured to receive a DHCP assigned address from a home network, internet, or other foreign network. * Port 5: DtDLink Port Mesh Routing -- Connect to another mesh node or 8021.q switch. Packets in/out of this port must be vlan 2 tagged, other packets are ignored. * Ports 2-4: LAN devices -- Packets in/out of this port are expected to be untagged. The mesh node will (default) DHCP assign an IP address to your computer, ipCam, voip phone, etc. connected to these ports. The GL.iNet GL-AR150 and GL-AR300M16 are pre-configured with the following VLANS: * Port labeled "WAN": untagged = AREDN WAN * Port labeled "LAN": untagged = AREDN LAN, vlan 2 = DtDLink (device to device) The GL.iNet GL-AR750 is pre-configured with the following ports, left to right: * Left Port with internet globe icon: WAN (untagged) * Middle Port with "<..>" icon: DtDLink (vlan 2) * Right Port with "<..>" icon: LAN (untagged) IMPORTANT: For Gl.iNet devices, when initially installing AREDN on OpenWRT, you *MUST* uncheck the "Keep Settings" checkbox. ## Submitting Bug Reports Please submit all issues to http://github.com/aredn/aredn/issues ## Developer Only Information The AREDN firmware is based on OpenWrt with additional packages and patches. A Makefile automates the entire process to create firmware images. ### Building with Docker Installing the Docker environment on your windows/linux/mac machine is a pre-requisite. A docker 'container' has been pre-configured with an aredn linux build environment. Alternative instructions are below if you wish to setup your linux install with the compiler pre-requisites necessary to do the build. To build with docker: ``` docker pull arednmesh/builder docker run -it --name builder arednmesh/builder ``` To pull an image (or any other file) out of the docker container: ``` docker cp builder:/opt/aredn/aredn/firmware/targets/ar71xx/generic/.bin ``` ### Build Prerequisites Please take a look at the [OpenWrt documentation](https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-developer/build-system/install-buildsystem) for a complete and up to date list of packages for your operating system. On Ubuntu/Debian: ``` apt-get install git subversion build-essential libncurses5-dev \ zlib1g-dev gawk unzip libxml-perl flex wget gettext quilt \ python libssl-dev shellcheck lua5.1 ``` On openSUSE: ``` zypper install --type pattern devel_basis zypper install git subversion ncurses-devel zlib-devel gawk unzip \ perl-libxml-perl flex wget gettext-runtime quilt python \ libopenssl-devel shellcheck lua51 ``` On Arch: ``` pacman -S base-devel subversion zlib unzip perl-xml-libxml wget \ quilt openssl shellcheck lua51 git ``` ### Building firmware images To obtain the source and build the firmware locally use: ``` bash git clone https://github.com/aredn/aredn.git cd aredn vi config.mk # enter your callsign, etc. # build default legacy ar71xx target ubnt and tplink images make # build and add legacy ar71xx target mikrotik images make SUBTARGET=mikrotik # build and add ath79 target (latest linux kernel) ubnt, tplink, and gl images make MAINTARGET=ath79 ``` Building the images may take minutes or hours depending on the machine. For more details see [build options](https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-developer/build-system/use-buildsystem). Review the build options in config.mk: `-j `. `V=s` will give more verbose error messages. An internet connection is required during the build process. A good internet connection can improve the build time. You need approximately 10GB of space for the build. ### How to build prior builds of AREDN Prior AREDN images can be rebuilt. Replace one of the following after the "cd aredn" command above: AREDN release 3.22.6.0 ``` git checkout 3.22.6.0 ``` AREDN release 3.21.4.0 ``` git checkout 3.21.4.0 ``` AREDN release 3.20.3.1 ``` git checkout 3.20.3.1 ``` AREDN release 3.20.3.0 ``` git checkout 3.20.3.0 ``` AREDN release 3.19.3.0 ``` git checkout 3.19.3.0 ``` AREDN release 3.18.9.0 ``` git checkout 3.18.9.0 ``` AREDN release 3.16.2.0 ``` git checkout 3.16.2.0 ``` AREDN release 3.16.1.1 ``` git checkout 3.16.1.1-make ``` AREDN build 176 ``` git checkout 91ee867 ``` Return to most current changes ``` git checkout main ``` ### Directory Layout ``` Included in the git Repo: config.mk <- build settings openwrt.mk <- which openwrt repo and branch/tag/commit to use feeds.conf/ <- custom package feeds (edit to point to your clone of aredn_packages) files/ <- file system in AREDN created images, most customizations go here patches/ <- patches to openwrt go here scripts/ <- tests and other scripts called from the build configs/ <- definitions of features in the devices' kernel and what packages to include Makefile <- the build definition README.md <- this file Created by the build: openwrt/ <- cloned openwrt repository firmware/ <- the build will place the images here results/ <- code checks and other test results in jUnit xml format ``` ### Patches with quilt The patches directory contains quilt patches applied on top of the openwrt git repo defined in config.mk. If a patch is not yet included upstream, it can be placed in the `patches` directory with the `quilt` tool. Please configure `quilt` as described in [OpenWrt Quilt](https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-developer/build-system/use-patches-with-buildsystem). #### Add, modify or delete a patch Switch to the openwrt directory: ```bash cd openwrt ``` Now you can use the `quilt` commands. ##### Example: add a patch ```bash quilt push -a # apply all patches quilt new 008-awesome.patch # tell quilt to create a new patch quilt edit somedir/somefile1 # edit files quilt edit somedir/somefile2 quilt refresh # creates/updates the patch file ``` ## Submitting new features and patches to AREDN The high level steps to submit to this repository https://github.com/aredn/aredn are: 1) create a github account and 'fork' this repo 2) git commit a change into your fork, e.g. http://github.com/ae6xe/aredn 3) create a pull request for http://github.com/aredn/aredn to consider your change