344 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
344 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
GPARTED
|
|
=======
|
|
Gparted is the GNOME Partition Editor for creating, reorganizing, and
|
|
deleting disk partitions.
|
|
|
|
A hard disk is usually subdivided into one or more partitions. These
|
|
partitions are normally not re-sizable (making one smaller and the
|
|
adjacent one larger.) Gparted makes it possible for you to take a
|
|
hard disk and change the partition organization, while preserving the
|
|
partition contents.
|
|
|
|
More specifically, Gparted enables you to create, destroy, resize,
|
|
move, check, label, and copy partitions, and the file systems
|
|
contained within. This is useful for creating space for new operating
|
|
systems, reorganizing disk usage, and mirroring one partition with
|
|
another (disk imaging).
|
|
|
|
Gparted can also be used with storage devices other than hard disks,
|
|
such as USB flash drives, and memory cards.
|
|
|
|
Visit https://gparted.org for more information.
|
|
|
|
|
|
LICENSING
|
|
---------
|
|
GParted is released under the General Public License version 2, or (at
|
|
your option) any later version. (GPLv2+). All files are released under
|
|
the GPLv2+ unless explicitly licensed otherwise.
|
|
|
|
The GParted Manual is released under the GNU Free Documentation License
|
|
version 1.2 or any later version. (GFDLv1.2+).
|
|
|
|
Google Test C++ test framework is released under the 3-Clause BSD
|
|
License. (BSD-3-Clause).
|
|
|
|
See these files for more details:
|
|
COPYING - GNU General Public License version 2
|
|
COPYING-DOCS - GNU Free Documentation License version 1.2
|
|
lib/gtest/LICENSE
|
|
- 3-Clause BSD License
|
|
|
|
|
|
NEWS
|
|
----
|
|
Information about changes to this release, and past releases can be
|
|
found in the file:
|
|
NEWS
|
|
|
|
|
|
INSTALL
|
|
-------
|
|
a. Pre-built Binary
|
|
|
|
Many GNU/Linux distributions already provide a pre-built binary
|
|
package for GParted. Instructions on how to install GParted on
|
|
some distributions is given below:
|
|
|
|
RHEL
|
|
----
|
|
su -
|
|
dnf install gparted
|
|
|
|
Debian or Ubuntu
|
|
----------------
|
|
sudo apt install gparted
|
|
|
|
Fedora
|
|
------
|
|
su -
|
|
dnf install gparted
|
|
|
|
OpenSUSE
|
|
--------
|
|
sudo zypper install gparted
|
|
|
|
b. Building from Source
|
|
|
|
Briefly, build and install GParted into the default location of
|
|
/usr/local using:
|
|
./configure
|
|
make
|
|
sudo make install
|
|
sudo install -m 644 org.gnome.gparted.policy \
|
|
/usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.gnome.gparted.local.policy
|
|
This assumes all the dependencies are already installed, builds the
|
|
default configuration and polkit is being used as the graphical su
|
|
program.
|
|
|
|
The following dependencies are required to build GParted from source:
|
|
g++
|
|
make
|
|
parted
|
|
gnome-common
|
|
gtkmm3
|
|
gettext
|
|
polkit
|
|
yelp-tools - required if help documentation is to be built
|
|
|
|
On RHEL, these dependencies may be obtained by running the following
|
|
command as root:
|
|
dnf install gnome-common yelp-tools glib2-devel gcc-c++ \
|
|
libuuid-devel parted-devel gtkmm30-devel make \
|
|
polkit-devel gettext-devel
|
|
|
|
On Debian or Ubuntu, these dependencies may be obtained by running
|
|
one of the following commands:
|
|
Either;
|
|
sudo apt build-dep gparted
|
|
Or;
|
|
sudo apt install build-essential gnome-common yelp-tools \
|
|
libglib2.0-dev uuid-dev libparted-dev \
|
|
libgtkmm-3.0-dev
|
|
|
|
Debian 13 and later and Ubuntu 24.04 LTS and later also require this
|
|
dependency installing:
|
|
sudo apt install libpolkit-gobject-1-dev
|
|
|
|
On Fedora, these dependencies may be obtained by running the
|
|
following command as root:
|
|
dnf install gnome-common yelp-tools glib2-devel gcc-c++ \
|
|
libuuid-devel parted-devel gtkmm30-devel make \
|
|
polkit-devel gettext-devel
|
|
|
|
On openSUSE, these dependencies may be obtained by running the
|
|
following commands:
|
|
sudo zypper install gnome-common gcc-c++ libuuid-devel \
|
|
parted-devel gtkmm3-devel make polkit-devel
|
|
|
|
Again, build GParted with the default configuration and install into
|
|
the default location of /usr/local using:
|
|
./configure
|
|
make
|
|
sudo make install
|
|
|
|
If you wish to build this package without the help documentation use
|
|
the --disable-doc flag:
|
|
E.g., ./configure --disable-doc
|
|
|
|
If you wish to build this package to use native libparted /dev/mapper
|
|
dmraid support use the --enable-libparted-dmraid flag:
|
|
E.g., ./configure --enable-libparted-dmraid
|
|
|
|
If you wish to build this package with online resize support then
|
|
the following is required:
|
|
a) Linux kernel version 3.6 or higher.
|
|
b) Libparted with online resize support. Either:
|
|
i) Libparted version 3.2 or later which includes online
|
|
resize support as standard. In this case GParted is
|
|
automatically built with online resize support.
|
|
ii) Online resize support back ported into an earlier version
|
|
of libparted. This is only known to be included in Debian
|
|
and derived distributions with parted version 2.3-14 and
|
|
higher. In this case online resize support must be
|
|
specifically enabled with the --enable-online-resize flag:
|
|
E.g., ./configure --enable-online-resize
|
|
|
|
If you wish to build GParted to allow it to use xhost to grant root
|
|
access to the X11 server use the --enable-xhost-root flag. This is
|
|
required to allow GParted to display under Wayland.
|
|
./configure --enable-xhost-root
|
|
|
|
Please note that more than one configure flag can be used:
|
|
E.g., ./configure --disable-doc --enable-libparted-dmraid
|
|
|
|
The INSTALL file contains further GNU installation instructions.
|
|
|
|
c. Installing polkit's Action File
|
|
|
|
GParted needs to run as root therefore it needs a graphical switch
|
|
user program to allow normal users to run it. Most desktops now use
|
|
polkit as their preferred authorisation mechanism. Therefore
|
|
./configure looks for polkit's pkexec as the first choice with
|
|
fallbacks in order being: gksudo, gksu, kdesudo and finally xdg-su.
|
|
Also polkit reads action files only from directory
|
|
/usr/share/polkit-1/actions. Therefore it is likely that a polkit
|
|
action file will need to be installed into this directory.
|
|
|
|
To determine if polkit's pkexec program is being used as the
|
|
graphical privilege escalation program examine the output from
|
|
./configure. These lines report that pkexec is being used:
|
|
|
|
checking for pkexec >= 0.102... 0.112 found
|
|
|
|
Where as either of these lines of ./configure output report that
|
|
pkexec is not being used because either it was too old a version or
|
|
it was not found:
|
|
|
|
checking for pkexec >= 0.102... 0.96 found
|
|
|
|
checking for pkexec >= 0.102... not found
|
|
|
|
When GParted is configured with prefix /usr (using command
|
|
./configure --prefix=/usr) then make install will automatically
|
|
install the polkit action file into the correct directory and no
|
|
further steps need to be taken. This is typically the case for
|
|
distribution builds of GParted.
|
|
|
|
However when GParted is configured with the default prefix of
|
|
/usr/local, or any prefix other than /usr, then the polkit action
|
|
file has to be manually installed into the correct directory. Also
|
|
it should have a unique file name to avoid overwriting the action
|
|
file from the distribution's package. Install the polkit action file
|
|
with a unique name including an extra ".local" in the name:
|
|
|
|
sudo install -m 644 org.gnome.gparted.policy \
|
|
/usr/share/polkit-1/actions/org.gnome.gparted.local.policy
|
|
|
|
d. Building using a Specific (lib)parted Version
|
|
|
|
1) Download the parted version you wish to use (e.g., 3.2) from:
|
|
|
|
http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/parted/
|
|
|
|
2) Build and install parted.
|
|
|
|
Extract parted tarball, configure, make, and sudo make install.
|
|
Note that by default this will install into /usr/local.
|
|
|
|
3) Set environment variables to inform the GParted build system to
|
|
use libparted from /usr/local:
|
|
|
|
export CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/include
|
|
export LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/lib
|
|
export LD_RUN_PATH=/usr/local/lib
|
|
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig
|
|
|
|
4) Build gparted using steps listed above in "Building from Source".
|
|
|
|
Note that when you run ./configure you should see the specific
|
|
version of parted listed in the check for libparted >= 1.7.1.
|
|
|
|
You will also see the libparted version listed when running
|
|
gparted from the command line.
|
|
|
|
|
|
DIRECTORIES
|
|
------------
|
|
data - contains desktop icons
|
|
|
|
doc - contains manual page documentation
|
|
|
|
help - contains GParted Manual and international translations
|
|
|
|
include - contains source header files
|
|
|
|
lib/gtest
|
|
- contains Google Test C++ test framework libraries
|
|
|
|
m4 - contains macro files
|
|
|
|
po - contains international language translations
|
|
|
|
src - contains C++ source code
|
|
|
|
|
|
DISTRIBUTION NOTES
|
|
------------------
|
|
GParted uses GNU libparted to detect and manipulate devices and
|
|
partition tables. The blkid command is also required to detect those
|
|
file systems which libparted doesn't detect. (The blkid command should
|
|
be considered a mandatory requirement).
|
|
|
|
GParted also queries and manipulates the file systems within those
|
|
devices and partitions. When available, it uses each file system's
|
|
specific commands. The following optional file system specific packages
|
|
provide this support:
|
|
|
|
btrfs-progs / btrfs-tools
|
|
e2fsprogs
|
|
exfatprogs
|
|
f2fs-tools
|
|
dosfstools
|
|
mtools - required to read and write FAT16/32 volume labels
|
|
and UUIDs
|
|
hfsutils
|
|
hfsprogs
|
|
jfsutils
|
|
nilfs-utils / nilfs-tools
|
|
ntfs-3g / ntfsprogs
|
|
reiser4progs
|
|
reiserfsprogs / reiserfs-utils / reiserfs
|
|
udftools
|
|
util-linux - required to create and check MINIX file systems
|
|
xfsprogs, xfsdump
|
|
|
|
|
|
For dmraid support, the following packages are required:
|
|
|
|
dmsetup - removes /dev/mapper entries
|
|
dmraid - lists dmraid devices and creates /dev/mapper
|
|
entries
|
|
|
|
For GNU/Linux distribution dmraid support, the following are required:
|
|
- kernel built with Device Mapping and Mirroring built. From
|
|
menuconfig, it is under Device Drivers -> <something> (RAID & LVM).
|
|
- dmraid drive arrays activated on boot (e.g., dmraid -ay).
|
|
|
|
|
|
For LVM2 Physical Volume support the following command is required:
|
|
lvm - LVM2 administration tool
|
|
And device-mapper support in the kernel.
|
|
|
|
|
|
For accurate detection and reporting of Linux Software RAID Arrays the
|
|
following command is required:
|
|
|
|
mdadm - SWRaid administration tool
|
|
|
|
|
|
For LUKS support the following commands are required:
|
|
cryptsetup - LUKS volume administration tool
|
|
dmsetup - Device-mapper administration tool
|
|
|
|
|
|
Several more commands are optionally used by GParted if found on the
|
|
system. These commands include:
|
|
|
|
blkid - [mandatory requirement] used to detect file systems
|
|
libparted doesn't, read UUIDs and volume labels
|
|
udisks - used to prevent automounting of file systems
|
|
hal-lock - used to prevent automounting of file systems
|
|
pkexec - used to acquire root privileges in gparted shell
|
|
script wrapper, but only if available when gparted
|
|
source is configured
|
|
gksudo - alternatively used to acquire root privileges in
|
|
gparted shell script wrapper, second choice if
|
|
available when gparted source is configured
|
|
gksu - alternatively used to acquire root privileges in
|
|
gparted shell script wrapper, third choice if
|
|
available when gparted source is configured
|
|
kdesudo - alternatively used to acquire root privileges in
|
|
gparted shell script wrapper, fourth choice if
|
|
available when gparted source is configured
|
|
xdg-su - alternatively used to acquire root privileges in
|
|
gparted shell script wrapper, last choice if
|
|
available when gparted source is configured
|
|
udevadm - used to wait for udev rule execution and querying
|
|
udev device properties
|
|
yelp - used to display help manual
|
|
(requires gvfs to be able to launch yelp)
|
|
xhost - used to grant root access to the X11 server, only
|
|
when configured to do so
|
|
|