diff --git a/src/proxy/middleware/response/handle-streamed-response.ts b/src/proxy/middleware/response/handle-streamed-response.ts
index 80214e5..77850f5 100644
--- a/src/proxy/middleware/response/handle-streamed-response.ts
+++ b/src/proxy/middleware/response/handle-streamed-response.ts
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+import express from "express";
 import { pipeline } from "stream";
 import { promisify } from "util";
 import {
@@ -5,7 +6,8 @@ import {
   copySseResponseHeaders,
   initializeSseStream
 } from "../../../shared/streaming";
-import { decodeResponseBody, RawResponseBodyHandler } from ".";
+import { enqueue } from "../../queue";
+import { decodeResponseBody, RawResponseBodyHandler, RetryableError } from ".";
 import { SSEStreamAdapter } from "./streaming/sse-stream-adapter";
 import { SSEMessageTransformer } from "./streaming/sse-message-transformer";
 import { EventAggregator } from "./streaming/event-aggregator";
@@ -33,7 +35,7 @@ export const handleStreamedResponse: RawResponseBodyHandler = async (
   }
 
   if (proxyRes.statusCode! > 201) {
-    req.isStreaming = false; // Forces non-streaming response handler to execute
+    req.isStreaming = false;
     req.log.warn(
       { statusCode: proxyRes.statusCode, key: hash },
       `Streaming request returned error status code. Falling back to non-streaming response handler.`
@@ -79,9 +81,18 @@ export const handleStreamedResponse: RawResponseBodyHandler = async (
     res.end();
     return aggregator.getFinalResponse();
   } catch (err) {
-    const errorEvent = buildFakeSse("stream-error", err.message, req);
-    res.write(`${errorEvent}data: [DONE]\n\n`);
-    res.end();
+    if (err instanceof RetryableError) {
+      req.log.info(
+        { key: req.key!.hash, retryCount: req.retryCount },
+        `Re-enqueueing request due to retryable error during streaming response.`
+      );
+      req.retryCount++;
+      enqueue(req);
+    } else {
+      const errorEvent = buildFakeSse("stream-error", err.message, req);
+      res.write(`${errorEvent}data: [DONE]\n\n`);
+      res.end();
+    }
     throw err;
   }
 };
diff --git a/src/proxy/middleware/response/streaming/sse-stream-adapter.ts b/src/proxy/middleware/response/streaming/sse-stream-adapter.ts
index 7ae1996..734289f 100644
--- a/src/proxy/middleware/response/streaming/sse-stream-adapter.ts
+++ b/src/proxy/middleware/response/streaming/sse-stream-adapter.ts
@@ -2,12 +2,16 @@ import { Transform, TransformOptions } from "stream";
 // @ts-ignore
 import { Parser } from "lifion-aws-event-stream";
 import { logger } from "../../../../logger";
+import { RetryableError } from "../index";
 
 const log = logger.child({ module: "sse-stream-adapter" });
 
 type SSEStreamAdapterOptions = TransformOptions & { contentType?: string };
 type AwsEventStreamMessage = {
-  headers: { ":message-type": "event" | "exception" };
+  headers: {
+    ":message-type": "event" | "exception";
+    ":exception-type"?: string;
+  };
   payload: { message?: string /** base64 encoded */; bytes?: string };
 };
 
@@ -36,6 +40,19 @@ export class SSEStreamAdapter extends Transform {
   protected processAwsEvent(event: AwsEventStreamMessage): string | null {
     const { payload, headers } = event;
     if (headers[":message-type"] === "exception" || !payload.bytes) {
+      // Under high load, AWS can rugpull us by returning a 200 and starting the
+      // stream but then immediately sending a rate limit error as the first
+      // event. My guess is some race condition in their rate limiting check
+      // that occurs if two requests arrive at the same time when only one
+      // concurrency slot is available.
+      if (headers[":exception-type"] === "throttlingException") {
+        log.warn(
+          { event: JSON.stringify(event) },
+          "AWS request throttled after streaming has already started; retrying"
+        );
+        throw new RetryableError("AWS request throttled mid-stream");
+      }
+
       log.error(
         { event: JSON.stringify(event) },
         "Received bad streaming event from AWS"