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< h1 id = "code-style" > < a class = "header" href = "#code-style" > Code Style< / a > < / h1 >
< h2 id = "formatting-tools" > < a class = "header" href = "#formatting-tools" > Formatting tools< / a > < / h2 >
< p > The Synapse codebase uses a number of code formatting tools in order to
quickly and automatically check for formatting (and sometimes logical)
errors in code.< / p >
< p > The necessary tools are:< / p >
< ul >
< li > < a href = "https://black.readthedocs.io/en/stable/" > black< / a > , a source code formatter;< / li >
< li > < a href = "https://pycqa.github.io/isort/" > isort< / a > , which organises each file's imports;< / li >
< li > < a href = "https://github.com/charliermarsh/ruff" > ruff< / a > , which can spot common errors; and< / li >
< li > < a href = "https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/stable/" > mypy< / a > , a type checker.< / li >
< / ul >
< p > See < a href = "development/contributing_guide.html#run-the-linters" > the contributing guide< / a > for instructions
on how to install the above tools and run the linters.< / p >
< p > It's worth noting that modern IDEs and text editors can run these tools
automatically on save. It may be worth looking into whether this
functionality is supported in your editor for a more convenient
development workflow. It is not, however, recommended to run < code > mypy< / code >
on save as it takes a while and can be very resource intensive.< / p >
< h2 id = "general-rules" > < a class = "header" href = "#general-rules" > General rules< / a > < / h2 >
< ul >
< li > < strong > Naming< / strong > :
< ul >
< li > Use < code > CamelCase< / code > for class and type names< / li >
< li > Use underscores for < code > function_names< / code > and < code > variable_names< / code > .< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li > < strong > Docstrings< / strong > : should follow the < a href = "https://google.github.io/styleguide/pyguide.html#38-comments-and-docstrings" > google code
style< / a > .
See the
< a href = "http://sphinxcontrib-napoleon.readthedocs.io/en/latest/example_google.html" > examples< / a >
in the sphinx documentation.< / li >
< li > < strong > Imports< / strong > :
< ul >
< li >
< p > Imports should be sorted by < code > isort< / code > as described above.< / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > Prefer to import classes and functions rather than packages or
modules.< / p >
< p > Example:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-python" > from synapse.types import UserID
...
user_id = UserID(local, server)
< / code > < / pre >
< p > is preferred over:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-python" > from synapse import types
...
user_id = types.UserID(local, server)
< / code > < / pre >
< p > (or any other variant).< / p >
< p > This goes against the advice in the Google style guide, but it
means that errors in the name are caught early (at import time).< / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > Avoid wildcard imports (< code > from synapse.types import *< / code > ) and
relative imports (< code > from .types import UserID< / code > ).< / p >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< h2 id = "configuration-code-and-documentation-format" > < a class = "header" href = "#configuration-code-and-documentation-format" > Configuration code and documentation format< / a > < / h2 >
< p > When adding a configuration option to the code, if several settings are grouped into a single dict, ensure that your code
correctly handles the top-level option being set to < code > None< / code > (as it will be if no sub-options are enabled).< / p >
< p > The < a href = "usage/configuration/config_documentation.html" > configuration manual< / a > acts as a
reference to Synapse's configuration options for server administrators.
Remember that many readers will be unfamiliar with YAML and server
administration in general, so it is important that when you add
a configuration option the documentation be as easy to understand as possible, which
includes following a consistent format.< / p >
< p > Some guidelines follow:< / p >
< ul >
< li >
< p > Each option should be listed in the config manual with the following format:< / p >
< ul >
< li >
< p > The name of the option, prefixed by < code > ###< / code > . < / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > A comment which describes the default behaviour (i.e. what
happens if the setting is omitted), as well as what the effect
will be if the setting is changed.< / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > An example setting, using backticks to define the code block< / p >
< p > For boolean (on/off) options, convention is that this example
should be the < em > opposite< / em > to the default. For other options, the example should give
some non-default value which is likely to be useful to the reader.< / p >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li >
< p > There should be a horizontal rule between each option, which can be achieved by adding < code > ---< / code > before and
after the option.< / p >
< / li >
< li >
< p > < code > true< / code > and < code > false< / code > are spelt thus (as opposed to < code > True< / code > , etc.)< / p >
< / li >
< / ul >
< p > Example:< / p >
< hr / >
< h3 id = "modules" > < a class = "header" href = "#modules" > < code > modules< / code > < / a > < / h3 >
< p > Use the < code > module< / code > sub-option to add a module under < code > modules< / code > to extend functionality.
The < code > module< / code > setting then has a sub-option, < code > config< / code > , which can be used to define some configuration
for the < code > module< / code > .< / p >
< p > Defaults to none.< / p >
< p > Example configuration:< / p >
< pre > < code class = "language-yaml" > modules:
- module: my_super_module.MySuperClass
config:
do_thing: true
- module: my_other_super_module.SomeClass
config: {}
< / code > < / pre >
< hr / >
< p > Note that the sample configuration is generated from the synapse code
and is maintained by a script, < code > scripts-dev/generate_sample_config.sh< / code > .
Making sure that the output from this script matches the desired format
is left as an exercise for the reader!< / p >
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