269 lines
27 KiB
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269 lines
27 KiB
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<ol class="chapter"><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Introduction</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="welcome_and_overview.html">Welcome and Overview</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Setup</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="setup/installation.html">Installation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="postgres.html">Using Postgres</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="reverse_proxy.html">Configuring a Reverse Proxy</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="setup/forward_proxy.html">Configuring a Forward/Outbound Proxy</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="turn-howto.html">Configuring a Turn Server</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="setup/turn/coturn.html">coturn TURN server</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="setup/turn/eturnal.html">eturnal TURN server</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="delegate.html" class="active">Delegation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Upgrading</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="upgrade.html">Upgrading between Synapse Versions</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded affix "><li class="part-title">Usage</li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="federate.html">Federation</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="usage/configuration/index.html">Configuration</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="usage/configuration/config_documentation.html">Configuration Manual</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="usage/configuration/homeserver_sample_config.html">Homeserver Sample Config File</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="usage/configuration/logging_sample_config.html">Logging Sample Config File</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="structured_logging.html">Structured Logging</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="templates.html">Templates</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="usage/configuration/user_authentication/index.html">User Authentication</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="usage/configuration/user_authentication/single_sign_on/index.html">Single-Sign On</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="openid.html">OpenID Connect</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="usage/configuration/user_authentication/single_sign_on/saml.html">SAML</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="usage/configuration/user_authentication/single_sign_on/cas.html">CAS</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="sso_mapping_providers.html">SSO Mapping Providers</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="password_auth_providers.html">Password Auth Providers</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="jwt.html">JSON Web Tokens</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="usage/configuration/user_authentication/refresh_tokens.html">Refresh Tokens</a></li></ol></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="CAPTCHA_SETUP.html">Registration Captcha</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="application_services.html">Application Services</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="server_notices.html">Server Notices</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="consent_tracking.html">Consent Tracking</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="user_directory.html">User Directory</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="message_retention_policies.html">Message Retention Policies</a></li><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="modules/index.html">Pluggable Modules</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="modules/writing_a_module.html">Writing a module</a></li><li><ol class="section"><li class="chapter-item expanded "><a href="modules/spam_checker_callbacks.html">Spam checker callbacks</a></li><li class
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<h1 id="delegation-of-incoming-federation-traffic"><a class="header" href="#delegation-of-incoming-federation-traffic">Delegation of incoming federation traffic</a></h1>
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<p>In the following documentation, we use the term <code>server_name</code> to refer to that setting
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in your homeserver configuration file. It appears at the ends of user ids, and tells
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other homeservers where they can find your server.</p>
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<p>By default, other homeservers will expect to be able to reach yours via
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your <code>server_name</code>, on port 8448. For example, if you set your <code>server_name</code>
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to <code>example.com</code> (so that your user names look like <code>@user:example.com</code>),
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other servers will try to connect to yours at <code>https://example.com:8448/</code>.</p>
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<p>Delegation is a Matrix feature allowing a homeserver admin to retain a
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<code>server_name</code> of <code>example.com</code> so that user IDs, room aliases, etc continue
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to look like <code>*:example.com</code>, whilst having federation traffic routed
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to a different server and/or port (e.g. <code>synapse.example.com:443</code>).</p>
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<h2 id="well-known-delegation"><a class="header" href="#well-known-delegation">.well-known delegation</a></h2>
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<p>To use this method, you need to be able to configure the server at
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<code>https://<server_name></code> to serve a file at
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<code>https://<server_name>/.well-known/matrix/server</code>. There are two ways to do this, shown below.</p>
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<p>Note that the <code>.well-known</code> file is hosted on the default port for <code>https</code> (port 443).</p>
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<h3 id="external-server"><a class="header" href="#external-server">External server</a></h3>
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<p>For maximum flexibility, you need to configure an external server such as nginx, Apache
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or HAProxy to serve the <code>https://<server_name>/.well-known/matrix/server</code> file. Setting
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up such a server is out of the scope of this documentation, but note that it is often
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possible to configure your <a href="reverse_proxy.html">reverse proxy</a> for this.</p>
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<p>The URL <code>https://<server_name>/.well-known/matrix/server</code> should be configured
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return a JSON structure containing the key <code>m.server</code> like this:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-json">{
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"m.server": "<synapse.server.name>[:<yourport>]"
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>In our example (where we want federation traffic to be routed to
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<code>https://synapse.example.com</code>, on port 443), this would mean that
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<code>https://example.com/.well-known/matrix/server</code> should return:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-json">{
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"m.server": "synapse.example.com:443"
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}
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</code></pre>
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<p>Note, specifying a port is optional. If no port is specified, then it defaults
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to 8448.</p>
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<h3 id="serving-a-well-knownmatrixserver-file-with-synapse"><a class="header" href="#serving-a-well-knownmatrixserver-file-with-synapse">Serving a <code>.well-known/matrix/server</code> file with Synapse</a></h3>
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<p>If you are able to set up your domain so that <code>https://<server_name></code> is routed to
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Synapse (i.e., the only change needed is to direct federation traffic to port 443
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instead of port 8448), then it is possible to configure Synapse to serve a suitable
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<code>.well-known/matrix/server</code> file. To do so, add the following to your <code>homeserver.yaml</code>
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file:</p>
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<pre><code class="language-yaml">serve_server_wellknown: true
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</code></pre>
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<p><strong>Note</strong>: this <em>only</em> works if <code>https://<server_name></code> is routed to Synapse, so is
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generally not suitable if Synapse is hosted at a subdomain such as
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<code>https://synapse.example.com</code>.</p>
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<h2 id="srv-dns-record-delegation"><a class="header" href="#srv-dns-record-delegation">SRV DNS record delegation</a></h2>
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<p>It is also possible to do delegation using a SRV DNS record. However, that is generally
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not recommended, as it can be difficult to configure the TLS certificates correctly in
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this case, and it offers little advantage over <code>.well-known</code> delegation.</p>
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<p>Please keep in mind that server delegation is a function of server-server communication,
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and as such using SRV DNS records will not cover use cases involving client-server comms.
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This means setting global client settings (such as a Jitsi endpoint, or disabling
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creating new rooms as encrypted by default, etc) will still require that you serve a file
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from the <code>https://<server_name>/.well-known/</code> endpoints defined in the spec! If you are
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considering using SRV DNS delegation to avoid serving files from this endpoint, consider
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the impact that you will not be able to change those client-based default values globally,
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and will be relegated to the featureset of the configuration of each individual client.</p>
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<p>However, if you really need it, you can find some documentation on what such a
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record should look like and how Synapse will use it in <a href="https://matrix.org/docs/spec/server_server/latest#resolving-server-names">the Matrix
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specification</a>.</p>
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<h2 id="delegation-faq"><a class="header" href="#delegation-faq">Delegation FAQ</a></h2>
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<h3 id="when-do-i-need-delegation"><a class="header" href="#when-do-i-need-delegation">When do I need delegation?</a></h3>
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<p>If your homeserver's APIs are accessible on the default federation port (8448)
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and the domain your <code>server_name</code> points to, you do not need any delegation.</p>
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<p>For instance, if you registered <code>example.com</code> and pointed its DNS A record at a
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fresh server, you could install Synapse on that host, giving it a <code>server_name</code>
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of <code>example.com</code>, and once a reverse proxy has been set up to proxy all requests
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sent to the port <code>8448</code> and serve TLS certificates for <code>example.com</code>, you
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wouldn't need any delegation set up.</p>
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<p><strong>However</strong>, if your homeserver's APIs aren't accessible on port 8448 and on the
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domain <code>server_name</code> points to, you will need to let other servers know how to
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find it using delegation.</p>
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<h3 id="should-i-use-a-reverse-proxy-for-federation-traffic"><a class="header" href="#should-i-use-a-reverse-proxy-for-federation-traffic">Should I use a reverse proxy for federation traffic?</a></h3>
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<p>Generally, using a reverse proxy for both the federation and client traffic is a good
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idea, since it saves handling TLS traffic in Synapse. See
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<a href="reverse_proxy.html">the reverse proxy documentation</a> for information on setting up a
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reverse proxy.</p>
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