Fix caching error in the push evaluator

Initialising `result` to `{}` in the parameters meant that every call to
_flatten_dict used the *same* target dictionary.

I'm hopeful this will fix https://github.com/matrix-org/synapse/issues/2270,
but I suspect it won't. (This code seems to have been here since forever,
unlike the bug, and I don't really think it explains the observed
behaviour). Still, it makes it hard to investigate the problem.

synapse/push/push_rule_evaluator.py

@@ -200,7 +200,9 @@ def _glob_to_re(glob, word_boundary):
         return re.compile(r, flags=re.IGNORECASE)
 
 
-def _flatten_dict(d, prefix=[], result={}):
+def _flatten_dict(d, prefix=[], result=None):
+    if result is None:
+        result = {}
     for key, value in d.items():
         if isinstance(value, basestring):
             result[".".join(prefix + [key])] = value.lower()