60 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
60 lines
3.5 KiB
Markdown
# Quantization
|
||
|
||
TGI offers GPTQ and bits-and-bytes quantization to quantize large language models.
|
||
|
||
## Quantization with GPTQ
|
||
|
||
GPTQ is a post-training quantization method to make the model smaller. It quantizes the layers by finding a compressed version of that weight, that will yield a minimum mean squared error like below 👇
|
||
|
||
Given a layer \\(l\\) with weight matrix \\(W_{l}\\) and layer input \\(X_{l}\\), find quantized weight \\(\\hat{W}_{l}\\):
|
||
|
||
$$({\hat{W}_{l}}^{*} = argmin_{\hat{W_{l}}} ||W_{l}X-\hat{W}_{l}X||^{2}_{2})$$
|
||
|
||
|
||
TGI allows you to both run an already GPTQ quantized model (see available models [here](https://huggingface.co/models?search=gptq)) or quantize a model of your choice using quantization script. You can run a quantized model by simply passing --quantize like below 👇
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
docker run --gpus all --shm-size 1g -p 8080:80 -v $volume:/data ghcr.io/huggingface/text-generation-inference:latest --model-id $model --quantize gptq
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
Note that TGI's GPTQ implementation doesn't use [AutoGPTQ](https://github.com/PanQiWei/AutoGPTQ) under the hood. However, models quantized using AutoGPTQ or Optimum can still be served by TGI.
|
||
|
||
To quantize a given model using GPTQ with a calibration dataset, simply run
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
text-generation-server quantize tiiuae/falcon-40b /data/falcon-40b-gptq
|
||
# Add --upload-to-model-id MYUSERNAME/falcon-40b to push the created model to the hub directly
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
This will create a new directory with the quantized files which you can use with,
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
text-generation-launcher --model-id /data/falcon-40b-gptq/ --sharded true --num-shard 2 --quantize gptq
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
You can learn more about the quantization options by running `text-generation-server quantize --help`.
|
||
|
||
If you wish to do more with GPTQ models (e.g. train an adapter on top), you can read about transformers GPTQ integration [here](https://huggingface.co/blog/gptq-integration).
|
||
You can learn more about GPTQ from the [paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.17323.pdf).
|
||
|
||
## Quantization with bitsandbytes
|
||
|
||
bitsandbytes is a library used to apply 8-bit and 4-bit quantization to models. Unlike GPTQ quantization, bitsandbytes doesn't require a calibration dataset or any post-processing – weights are automatically quantized on load. However, inference with bitsandbytes is slower than GPTQ or FP16 precision.
|
||
|
||
8-bit quantization enables multi-billion parameter scale models to fit in smaller hardware without degrading performance too much.
|
||
In TGI, you can use 8-bit quantization by adding `--quantize bitsandbytes` like below 👇
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
docker run --gpus all --shm-size 1g -p 8080:80 -v $volume:/data ghcr.io/huggingface/text-generation-inference:latest --model-id $model --quantize bitsandbytes
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
4-bit quantization is also possible with bitsandbytes. You can choose one of the following 4-bit data types: 4-bit float (`fp4`), or 4-bit `NormalFloat` (`nf4`). These data types were introduced in the context of parameter-efficient fine-tuning, but you can apply them for inference by automatically converting the model weights on load.
|
||
|
||
In TGI, you can use 4-bit quantization by adding `--quantize bitsandbytes-nf4` or `--quantize bitsandbytes-fp4` like below 👇
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
docker run --gpus all --shm-size 1g -p 8080:80 -v $volume:/data ghcr.io/huggingface/text-generation-inference:latest --model-id $model --quantize bitsandbytes-nf4
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
You can get more information about 8-bit quantization by reading this [blog post](https://huggingface.co/blog/hf-bitsandbytes-integration), and 4-bit quantization by reading [this blog post](https://huggingface.co/blog/4bit-transformers-bitsandbytes).
|